Animal safety
Budgies like to nibble leaves, herbs, seed heads, and young shoots. Many plants are not eaten deliberately, but they may be bitten while climbing and exploring. Aviaries and flight areas should therefore use only safe plants.
Budgie
Budgie
These plants should not be fed or need clear access control.
25 Plants
Budgie
Wild garlic belongs to the Allium genus, whose species (like onions and garlic) are toxic to birds and can cause hemolytic anemia. Although no specific studies for budgies are available, feeding is not recommended due to the known toxicity of the genus.
Risk parts: All plant parts
Budgie
Onions are toxic to budgies due to N-propyl disulfide, which causes hemolytic anemia. No part of the plant should be fed. Contact an avian veterinarian immediately if ingested.
Risk parts: Bulb, Green shoots (leaves), Flowers
Budgie
Budgies should have no access to Welsh onion as all parts contain sulfur compounds that can cause hemolytic anemia. Even small amounts can be dangerous. If ingestion is suspected, contact an avian veterinarian immediately.
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Bulb base
Budgie
Large amounts are needed. There is no specific data for budgies, but due to known mammalian toxicity and the presence of apiol, especially in flowering plants, caution is advised. Safety of small amounts as an occasional treat is unclear.
Risk parts: Plants in the flowering stage (increased apiol content), Seeds (high furanocoumarin content)
Budgie
Budgies are small and sensitive to Allium compounds. While leek is edible for humans, even small amounts can cause gastrointestinal irritation in birds. No species-specific studies exist, but conservative classification based on toxicity in related bird species and known mechanisms of action.
Risk parts: Shaft (white and light green), Leaves (tender, green parts), Flowers (as edible garnish)
Budgie
Shelled sweet almonds may be offered in very small amounts as a rare treat, but still carry a risk, especially if not fully shelled or mistaken for bitter almonds. Bitter almonds, shells, leaves, and stems contain amygdalin, which releases hydrogen cyanide and is highly toxic. Due to the high risk of mistaken identity or ingestion of toxic parts, feeding almonds to budgies is generally not recommended.
Suitable: Sweet almond kernels (shelled, in very small amounts as a rare treat, only under strict supervision)
Risk parts: Bitter almonds, Almond shells, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
The young shoots (asparagus spears) are safe for budgies in small amounts, but the red berries as well as woody ends and mature fronds contain saponins that can cause gastrointestinal upset. Budgies should only receive the tender tips and never have access to berries.
Suitable: Young shoots (asparagus spears)
Risk parts: Berries, Woody ends of spears, Mature fronds
Budgie
Young leaves and flowers of borage can be offered to budgies occasionally as a treat, but older leaves, stems, and seeds contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids that are potentially hepatotoxic. Consumption should be limited to young, less hairy parts and only in small amounts. Consult a veterinarian if signs of poisoning appear.
Suitable: Young leaves, Flowers
Risk parts: Older leaves, Stems, Seeds
Budgie
The edible parts (seeds, young pods, shoot tips) are suitable for budgies in small amounts but contain lectins that can cause gastrointestinal upset when raw. Mature pods and roots should be avoided due to higher lectin concentrations and poor digestibility. Although no specific evidence for budgies exists, a conservative assessment is made based on the known toxicity of phasin in birds and similar physiology. If…
Risk parts: All plant parts
Budgie
Chili contains capsaicin, which can irritate the mucous membranes of birds. Budgies should have no access to any part of the plant. If ingested, monitor for symptoms and consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist.
Risk parts: fruits, leaves, stems
Budgie
Common bean contains the lectin phasin, which causes gastrointestinal distress when raw. Cooked pods and seeds are suitable as occasional treats in small amounts. Budgies should only receive cooked parts, never raw. Contact vet if symptoms occur.
Suitable: cooked pods, cooked seeds
Risk parts: raw pods, raw seeds
Budgie
The nut kernel of the walnut is edible for budgies and can occasionally be given as a treat, but due to its high fat content, only in small amounts. Leaves, husks, and roots contain juglone and are toxic. Ingestion of these parts may cause gastrointestinal upset. If symptoms occur, a veterinarian should be consulted.
Suitable: Fruit (nut kernel)
Risk parts: Green fruit husks, Leaves, Roots
Budgie
Leaves, young shoots, and flower spikes can be offered in small amounts as a treat. Seeds, older stalks, and roots contain higher concentrations of saponins and oxalic acid and should be avoided. Consult a veterinarian if poisoning symptoms occur.
Suitable: leaves, young shoots, flower spikes
Risk parts: seeds, older tough stalks, roots
Budgie
No species-specific sources found for budgies. Due to known toxicity in mammals and presence of irritant compounds, a conservative assessment is made. Young shoots and flowers might be less risky, but without specific data the entire plant is considered potentially harmful. Budgies have sensitive respiratory systems and may react to essential oils. If ingestion occurs, monitor for symptoms and consult a veterinarian.
Risk parts: Leaves, Flowers, Stems
Budgie
No specific data available for budgies. Glucosinolates can cause gastrointestinal upset in birds. The pungency and irritation from fumes should also be considered.
Risk parts: All plant parts (especially in large quantities), Fumes during grating
Budgie
Oregano contains essential oils that can cause gastrointestinal irritation in budgies. While not classified as highly toxic, ingestion is not recommended due to the risk of stomach upset.
Risk parts: Leaves, Flowers, Young shoot tips
Budgie
Solanine in green parts and sprouts can be toxic. Cooked tubers without these parts are safe in moderation.
Suitable: Tuber (cooked, no green spots or sprouts)
Risk parts: Green parts of tuber, Sprouts, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Leaf stalks may be possible in very small amounts, but leaf blades and rhizome are toxic due to high oxalic acid concentration. No species-specific data for budgies available; classification based on general plant toxicity and known effects of oxalic acid in birds.
Risk parts: Leaf blades, Rhizome/Rootstock
Budgie
Budgies can tolerate cooked elderberries and flowers in small amounts as treats. Raw berries, leaves, stems, and roots are toxic due to sambunigrin and can cause gastrointestinal upset. Only specific parts are suitable, with cooked berries and flowers occasionally given as treats. Overconsumption poses a medium risk for digestive issues. If symptoms occur, contact a veterinarian. As no species-specific studies…
Suitable: Flowers, Ripe berries (cooked)
Risk parts: Raw berries, Leaves, Stems, Roots
Budgie
Budgies should not be given any part of the shallot, as Allium compounds can cause hemolytic anemia and gastrointestinal distress. Even small amounts can be risky. If ingested, contact an avian veterinarian.
Risk parts: Bulb, Leaves
Budgie
The ripe, bletted fruit of the service tree is suitable in small amounts as a treat for budgies but has low nutritional value. Seeds and unripe fruits contain cyanogenic glycosides that can cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed in excess. Budgies should not have access to seeds.
Suitable: Fruit (after bletting)
Risk parts: Seeds, Unripe/unbletted fruits
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available.
Suitable: Leaves (young and tender)
Budgie
Tree spinach contains oxalic acid, which can be problematic for birds, especially small species like budgies, in larger quantities. No specific safety data for budgies is available. The seeds may also have a laxative effect.
Risk parts: leaves, young shoots, mature seeds, stems
Budgie
Winter Heath Onion contains thiosulfates, which can be harmful to birds like budgies. While specific data for budgies is lacking, toxicity for other small animals and birds is likely similar to that for dogs and cats. All aerial parts should be avoided. Root fibers and dry leaf sheaths are considered lower risk but are not suitable as feed.
Risk parts: Leaves, young shoots, thickened stems, flowers
Budgie
Plant part, amount, maturity, or animal condition matter here.
34 Plants
Budgie
Apricot fruit flesh can be offered in small amounts as an occasional treat. However, stones/pits, leaves, and stems contain cyanogenic glycosides and are toxic. These parts must be completely removed before offering the fruit.
Suitable: Fruit flesh (without stone/pit)
Risk parts: Stone/Pit, Leaves, Stems, Seeds
Budgie
Mint is likely safe for budgies in small amounts, but essential oils can cause gastrointestinal upset if overfed. Pennyroyal mint (Mentha pulegium) is toxic and should be avoided. Use only common culinary mint such as peppermint or spearmint.
Suitable: Leaves (in small amounts, from common culinary mints), Young shoots (in small amounts, from common culinary mints)
Risk parts: Pennyroyal mint (Mentha pulegium) (all parts), large quantities of other mint varieties, concentrated essential oils
Budgie
Cooked flesh of squash varieties is generally considered safe for birds, provided no sharp seeds or green plant parts are fed. However, data is limited.
Suitable: Flesh (cooked)
Budgie
Apple flesh and peel (untreated) can be offered in small quantities as an occasional treat. All seeds, leaves, and stems must be completely removed as they contain cyanogenic glycosides, which are toxic to birds.
Suitable: Fruit flesh, Peel (untreated)
Risk parts: Seeds, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Aronia fruit flesh is generally considered non-toxic but is very tart raw and can cause gastrointestinal upset in large quantities. Seeds, leaves, and stems contain cyanogenic glycosides and are potentially toxic. Offer only the fruit flesh in very small quantities as an occasional treat, ensuring seeds are completely removed.
Suitable: Fruit flesh (without seeds)
Risk parts: Seeds, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Only the ripe fruit flesh of the Pawpaw is safe for budgies in moderation. The seeds contain alkaloids and are toxic. Unripe fruits can also cause stomach upset. Ensure all seeds are removed before offering the fruit flesh.
Suitable: Ripe fruit flesh
Risk parts: Seeds, Unripe fruits
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available.
Suitable: Fruit flesh (cooked or processed)
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available.
Suitable: ripe fruit (syconium)
Budgie
The fruit pulp of Cornelian cherry is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Seeds and leaves should be avoided as they are indigestible and may cause irritation in sensitive birds. Although the plant is generally considered non-toxic, consumption of large amounts of fruit pulp may cause gastrointestinal upset due to high acidity. Budgies have sensitive digestive tracts, so caution is advised.
Suitable: Fruit pulp
Risk parts: Seeds, Leaves
Budgie
Ripe fruit in small amounts as a treat is likely safe. Green plant parts and unripe fruits contain solanine and are toxic. Avoid feeding leaves and stems.
Suitable: Ripe fruit (small amounts)
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Unripe fruits, Green plant parts
Budgie
The flesh of the plum is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Pits, leaves, and bark contain amygdalin, which can release hydrogen cyanide and may cause poisoning symptoms. Offer only the flesh without pits.
Suitable: Fruit flesh, Skin
Risk parts: Seeds (pit), Leaves, Bark
Budgie
Fully ripe goji berries can be given to budgies as an occasional treat. Unripe fruits, leaves, stems, roots, and seeds contain toxic compounds such as solanine and should be avoided. Due to high sugar content, feed only in moderation. No species-specific sources found; classification based on general plant toxicity and diet of similar birds.
Suitable: fully ripe fruits
Risk parts: green unripe fruits, leaves, stems, roots
Budgie
The fruit flesh of greengage is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Pits, leaves, and bark contain cyanogenic glycosides and are toxic. Overfeeding fruit may cause diarrhea due to sugar content.
Suitable: Fruit flesh, Fruit skin
Risk parts: Seeds (pit), Leaves, Bark
Budgie
Kiwi fruit flesh is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Skin, leaves, and stems contain actinidin and oxalates that may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Offer only ripe fruit without skin. Consult a veterinarian if signs of distress appear.
Suitable: Fruit flesh
Risk parts: Skin, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
The fruit flesh of the Mirabelle plum is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The pits, leaves, and stems contain cyanogenic glycosides and must be removed, as they can release hydrogen cyanide if consumed. Excessive fruit consumption may lead to digestive issues due to sugar content. No species-specific sources found; classification based on general plant toxicity and dietary patterns of…
Suitable: Fruit flesh
Risk parts: Pit (seed), Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Ripe mulberries are safe for budgies as an occasional treat. Unripe fruits and leaves can cause stomach upset.
Suitable: Ripe fruits
Risk parts: Unripe fruits, Leaves, Milky sap
Budgie
The flesh of musk squash is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Bitter-tasting parts contain toxic cucurbitacins and must be avoided. Seeds should be given very sparingly due to fat content and potential intestinal blockage risk. Leaves and stems are not recommended due to possible irritants. If poisoning from bitter flesh is suspected, contact a veterinarian immediately.
Suitable: Flesh
Risk parts: Bitter flesh (cucurbitacins), Seeds in large quantities, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Okra pods are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Mature seeds contain gossypol and should be avoided. Young pods, leaves, and flowers are safe. Overconsumption may cause digestive issues.
Suitable: Immature seed pods, Leaves, Flowers
Risk parts: Overripe, woody pods, Mature seeds
Budgie
Pattypan squash (Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata) is an edible variety of squash. The flesh of young fruits is generally safe and can be offered in small amounts as a treat. Bitter fruits or other plant parts may contain cucurbitacins, which are toxic. It is important to offer only ripe, non-bitter fruits and to do so in moderation. Caution is advised as birds can be more sensitive to certain compounds.
Suitable: Flesh, Squash seeds (cooked/dried)
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Roots, Unripe fruits (may contain bitter compounds)
Budgie
The flesh of the peach is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat, but the pit and leaves contain amygdalin, which can metabolize to cyanide. Budgies should not have access to pits or leaves. If toxic parts are ingested, seek veterinary assistance immediately.
Suitable: Fruit flesh, Skin
Risk parts: Pit (contains amygdalin), Leaves
Budgie
Ripe fruits are suitable as a treat for budgies in moderation. Green plant parts and unripe fruits may contain solanine and should be avoided. Excessive consumption of ripe fruits can lead to mild gastrointestinal upset.
Suitable: Ripe fruits
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Green, unripe fruits
Budgie
Ripe pepper fruits are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat and provide vitamin C. Leaves, stems, unripe fruits, and seeds contain solanine and should be avoided. Hot varieties may irritate mucous membranes. Consult a veterinarian if poisoning is suspected or symptoms persist.
Suitable: Ripe fruits
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Unripe fruits, Seeds
Budgie
Ripe Cape gooseberries can be offered in very small quantities as an occasional treat. Leaves, stems, and unripe fruits contain alkaloids and should not be fed, as they may cause gastrointestinal upset. No specific data for budgies available; classification is based on general plant information and the precautionary principle.
Suitable: Ripe fruits
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Unripe fruits
Budgie
Only fully ripe fruits, without the calyx, may be offered in very small quantities as an occasional treat. All other plant parts, especially unripe fruits, leaves, and stems, contain alkaloids (like solanine) and are toxic. Specific safety data for budgies is lacking, so caution is advised.
Suitable: Ripe fruits (without calyx)
Risk parts: Unripe fruits, Leaves, Stems, Roots
Budgie
Ripe fruit is safe for budgies in moderation. Seeds should be avoided due to potential cyanogenic glycosides and choking hazard.
Suitable: ripe fruit
Risk parts: seeds (in large quantities)
Budgie
Quince fruit flesh is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat, but seeds, woolly fuzz, leaves, and stems must be removed as they contain amygdalin and tannins. Seek veterinary advice if toxic parts are ingested.
Suitable: Fruit flesh (seeds removed, cooked or very ripe)
Risk parts: Seeds, Woolly fuzz, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
The flesh and skin of red kuri squash are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Raw feeding of seeds is not recommended due to potential cucurbitacins and digestive issues. Do not feed if bitter tasting.
Suitable: Flesh, Skin
Risk parts: Seeds (raw), Flower stem
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available. Fruits likely safe in small amounts, but seeds, leaves, and bark should be avoided.
Suitable: Fruits (flesh only)
Budgie
The flesh of sour cherry is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat, but due to its high acidity should only be fed sparingly. Pits, leaves, and twigs contain amygdalin, which can hydrolyze to hydrogen cyanide when chewed, posing a poisoning risk. Budgies tend to explore objects with their beaks and may chew on toxic parts.
Suitable: Flesh
Risk parts: Pits, leaves, twigs
Budgie
No specific toxic properties known for budgies. Cooked flesh in small amounts is possible as a treat. Raw parts and seeds are not recommended due to bitter compounds and potential gastrointestinal irritation.
Suitable: Flesh (cooked)
Budgie
The flesh of sweet cherry is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat, but pits, stems, and leaves contain cyanogenic glycosides and are toxic. Large quantities or wilted plant material should be avoided. If signs of poisoning appear, consult an avian veterinarian immediately.
Suitable: Flesh
Risk parts: Pits, Stems, Leaves
Budgie
Ripe tomatillo fruits are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. All other plant parts contain toxic alkaloids and must be avoided. If toxic parts are ingested, monitor for symptoms and consult a veterinarian if they occur.
Suitable: Ripe fruit
Risk parts: Husk (calyx), Unripe fruits, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Ripe tomato fruits are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. All green parts of the plant contain solanine and should be avoided. Ingestion of large quantities of toxic parts may cause gastrointestinal upset. Budgies should not have access to tomato plants to avoid ingestion of leaves or stems. Consult an avian veterinarian if symptoms occur.
Suitable: ripe fruit
Risk parts: leaves, stems, unripe green fruits
Budgie
Watermelon flesh (seedless) is safe for budgies in very small amounts as an occasional treat. Seeds, leaves, and stems should be avoided as they may contain potential cucurbitacins. Due to high water and sugar content, offer only in tiny amounts.
Suitable: Flesh (seedless)
Risk parts: Seeds, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
These plants are more likely suitable in the reviewed data, but not as a sole feed.
86 Plants
Budgie
Fennel bulb, leaves, and stems are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Seeds and essential oil should be avoided due to potential neurotoxic effects.
Suitable: Bulb, Leaves, Stems
Risk parts: Seeds in high concentrations, Fennel oil
Budgie
Dill is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The plant contains essential oils that may cause gastrointestinal upset if overconsumed. Young leaves and seeds are preferred for feeding. If signs of discomfort occur, discontinue feeding and consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist.
Suitable: Leaves, Seeds, Flowers, Tender stems
Budgie
Wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is non-toxic to budgies. Fruits and leaves can be fed as an occasional treat. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset due to high water and fiber content. No known toxic compounds.
Suitable: Fruits, Leaves
Budgie
Leaves and flowers of Allium ramosum can be offered as an occasional treat in small amounts, but there is a low risk of gastrointestinal upset in sensitive budgies. Other plant parts (bulbs) should be avoided.
Suitable: Leaves, Flowers
Risk parts: Bulbs
Budgie
Basil is generally considered non-toxic to many animals and humans. There are no specific toxicity data for budgies, but due to its general safety and nutritional value, it can be offered in very small amounts as an occasional treat. Excessive consumption should be avoided, as essential oils could be potentially problematic in large quantities.
Suitable: leaves, young shoots, flowers
Budgie
Beetroot is generally safe for budgies when offered in small amounts as a treat. The leaves contain oxalic acid, which can be problematic in large quantities. Excessive consumption may cause mild gastrointestinal upset. The red discoloration of urine and feces is harmless.
Suitable: Root (taproot) (in small amounts), Leaves (in small amounts)
Budgie
Bilberry fruits are safe for budgies in moderation and are often eagerly eaten. Leaves can be used in very small amounts for tea but are not suitable as a primary food. No known toxic compounds in the fruits. When foraging wild, be aware of possible Echinococcus contamination and wash fruits thoroughly.
Suitable: Fruits
Budgie
Broccoli is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Flower buds, tender stems, and young leaves are the preferred parts. Overfeeding may cause gas/bloat. Woody stems and spoiled parts should be avoided. No known toxic compounds for birds.
Suitable: flower buds, tender stems, young leaves
Budgie
Brussels sprouts are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Young sprouts and leaves are preferred. Due to high fiber and sulfur content, feeding should be limited to avoid digestive discomfort. No known toxic compounds for birds have been identified. Observations from birdkeeping show no poisoning symptoms when fed in moderation.
Suitable: Buds (sprouts), Young leaves
Budgie
Cauliflower is generally safe for budgies when offered in moderation and well-washed. Large quantities or spoiled parts can cause gastrointestinal upset. Toxicity is low, but feeding should be limited.
Suitable: curd/head, tender inner leaves
Risk parts: rotted or moldy parts
Budgie
Celeriac is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The bulb and young leaves can be fed, while older leaves, stalks, and roots should be avoided due to furanocoumarins. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset.
Suitable: Bulb (hypocotyl), Young leaves (sparingly as seasoning)
Risk parts: Older, fibrous leaves and stalks, Roots
Budgie
Celery stalks and leaves are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Seeds contain higher concentrations of psoralens and essential oils and should be avoided. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset. No known severe poisoning cases documented in birds.
Suitable: stalks, leaves
Risk parts: seeds
Budgie
Chicory is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Leaves and stems are edible and contain low levels of bitter secondary compounds that may cause digestive upset if overfed. No known severe toxicities for birds.
Suitable: leaves, stems
Budgie
Hazelnuts are safe for budgies if fed in moderation. However, the nut shell and leaves should be avoided.
Suitable: Seeds (nut kernel)
Risk parts: Nut shell, Involucre (husk), Leaves
Budgie
Common purslane is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The leaves, stems, and flower buds are edible and nutrient-rich but contain oxalic acid. Seeds should be avoided due to their higher oxalic acid content. Excessive intake may cause gastrointestinal upset. Young leaves are the most tender and palatable. Not suitable as a main feed, only feed occasionally as a treat. Consult a veterinarian if signs…
Suitable: Leaves, Stems, Flower buds
Risk parts: Seeds
Budgie
Common sage (Salvia officinalis) contains thujone, which can be toxic in high doses. For budgies, small amounts of fresh leaves, young shoots, or flowers are generally safe as an occasional treat. Concentrated essential oils should be avoided. Overconsumption may cause gastrointestinal upset. Monitor the bird for symptoms and consult an avian veterinarian if issues persist.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots, Flowers (sparingly)
Risk parts: Concentrated essential oils
Budgie
No toxic properties are known. Considered edible, but excessive raw consumption may cause digestive upset.
Suitable: Leaves, Shoots, Flower buds
Budgie
Cucumber fruit is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Leaves, stems, roots, and bitter fruits contain cucurbitacins and should be avoided. Immediately remove and do not feed bitter-tasting fruits. If large amounts or toxic parts are ingested, observe for symptoms and consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist.
Suitable: Fruit
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Roots, Bitter fruits
Budgie
Leaves and young shoots are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat, woody stems should be avoided. Not for use as main feed.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots
Risk parts: Woody stems
Budgie
Artichoke is generally considered safe for birds when edible parts are offered in moderation. Fibrous or tough parts should be avoided.
Suitable: Flower bud base (heart), Inner, tender parts of the bracts
Risk parts: Choke (the fine hairs inside the flower head), Outer, tough parts of the bracts, Stems (raw)
Budgie
Carrot root is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Older leaves and stems may contain bitter compounds and furanocoumarins that can cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed excessively. Carotenemia is not documented in birds, but excessive intake should be avoided.
Suitable: Root, Young leaves (in moderation)
Risk parts: Older leaves and stems
Budgie
Garden cress is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The leaves, seedlings, and flowers are safe and nutrient-rich. The seeds contain higher concentrations of mustard oil glycosides and should be avoided, as excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal irritation. A budgie's diet should primarily consist of specialized budgie feed.
Suitable: Leaves, Seedlings, Flowers
Risk parts: Seeds
Budgie
Garden orache contains oxalic acid and saponins, which can cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed excessively. Young leaves and stems are suitable as an occasional treat in small amounts. Old stems and large quantities of mature seeds should be avoided. Consult a veterinarian if symptoms occur.
Suitable: Leaves, Young stems
Risk parts: Old, woody stems, Large quantities of mature seeds
Budgie
Fully ripe gooseberries are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Leaves, stems, and seeds contain oxalic acid and may cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed excessively. Only feed ripe fruit, remove seeds, and limit quantity.
Suitable: fruit (fully ripe)
Risk parts: leaves, stems, seeds (in large quantities)
Budgie
Leaves, stems, and flowers are suitable for budgies in moderation. Seeds contain furanocoumarins and should be avoided. Risk of confusion with poisonous plants like hemlock. Only feed verified safe parts. When in doubt, do not feed.
Suitable: Leaves, Stems, Flowers
Risk parts: Seeds
Budgie
The fruit of hardy kiwi is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. No known toxic compounds or parts. Overconsumption may pose a risk of digestive upset due to sugar and fiber content. Introduce new foods gradually and monitor for individual tolerance.
Suitable: Fruit
Budgie
Honeyberry fruits are edible and non-toxic for budgies but should only be given as an occasional treat. Other plant parts such as leaves and stems are not suitable for consumption and may cause gastrointestinal upset if ingested. Due to lack of species-specific studies, a conservative assessment is made.
Suitable: Fruits
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems
Budgie
The fruit of the jostaberry bush is safe for budgies in small amounts and non-toxic. Other plant parts such as leaves and stems should be avoided as they may be irritating. Due to lack of species-specific sources, a conservative assessment is made.
Suitable: Fruit
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Roots
Budgie
Kale is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The leaves, young shoots, and flower buds are the safe parts. Due to high fiber and vitamin K content, feeding should be limited.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots, Flower buds
Budgie
Kohlrabi is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The swollen stem and young leaves are edible and nutritious. Older, woody parts should be avoided. Overconsumption may cause flatulence but is generally not hazardous. No known toxic compounds for birds have been identified.
Suitable: Stem tuber, Young leaves
Budgie
Komatsuna is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Like all brassicas, it contains glucosinolates, which are safe in normal amounts but may cause gastrointestinal upset if overfed. Young leaves are particularly tender and well-tolerated. Roots and old, woody stems should be avoided as they are difficult to digest and not commonly consumed. No serious toxicities documented for birds. If signs…
Suitable: Leaves, Stems, Flower buds, Young flower stalks
Budgie
Lacinato kale (Palmkohl) is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The leaves and young flower buds are nutrient-rich, but the tough, woody stalks should be removed as they are difficult to digest. Like all brassicas, Lacinato kale contains glucosinolates, which may cause bloating if overfed. There is no evidence of specific toxicity to budgies, but cautious feeding is recommended.
Suitable: Leaves, Young flower buds
Risk parts: Tough, woody stalks
Budgie
Lavender is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Older, woody plant parts and concentrated essential oil should be avoided. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset. Observation is recommended; consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist.
Suitable: Flowers, Young leaves
Risk parts: Older, woody plant parts
Budgie
Strawberry blite contains oxalic acid and saponins, which can cause gastrointestinal upset in budgies if consumed in large quantities. Young leaves and ripe pseudo-fruits are suitable as occasional treats in small amounts. Roots, unripe fruits, and large quantities of seeds should be avoided.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots, Ripe pseudo-fruits
Risk parts: Roots, Green (unripe) fruits, Seeds (in large quantities)
Budgie
['Cooked lentil seeds can be given to budgies as an occasional treat. Raw material contains lectins that may cause gastrointestinal upset. Only feed cooked seeds in small amounts.']
Suitable: Seeds (cooked)
Risk parts: Raw seeds, Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Leaves and stems are suitable in small amounts for budgies, but the seeds contain furocoumarins which can cause gastrointestinal upset and phototoxic reactions if consumed excessively. Due to the bird's small size, even a small amount of seeds can be potentially risky. No species-specific studies are available; classification is based on general plant toxicity and avian diets.
Suitable: leaves, stems
Risk parts: seeds
Budgie
May turnips are generally classified as non-toxic for birds. Young leaves and small amounts of the young root can be offered as an occasional treat. However, overconsumption may lead to digestive upset. Older or bolted plant parts are woody and bitter and should not be fed.
Suitable: Young leaves, Young turnip root (in small amounts)
Risk parts: Older, woody turnips, Flower stalks (after bolting)
Budgie
The fruit of the medlar is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat after bletting. The seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides and should not be fed. Consumption of seeds may cause gastrointestinal upset. Consult a veterinarian if uncertain.
Suitable: Fruit (after bletting)
Risk parts: Seeds
Budgie
Flowers and leaves of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Seeds should be avoided as their safety profile is unclear and they may be harmful. No known toxic compounds in the edible parts.
Suitable: Flowers, Leaves
Risk parts: Seeds
Budgie
Mizuna is suitable for budgies in moderation as fresh green feed and is readily eaten due to its mild taste and nutritional value. Young leaves and stems are particularly preferred. No known harmful compounds or poisoning cases documented in birds. As with any green feed, it should be fresh, pesticide-free, and offered in variety with other safe plants. Overconsumption of any single plant can unbalance the diet…
Suitable: Leaves, Young stems
Budgie
Young leaves and shoot tips can be fed in small amounts as a treat but should be blanched due to oxalic acid content. Tough stems, seeds, and mature fruits are not suitable and may cause gastrointestinal upset. Consult a veterinarian if signs of poisoning appear.
Suitable: Young leaves, Tender shoot tips
Risk parts: Tough, woody stems, Mature fruits (seed capsules), Seeds
Budgie
Cooked parsnip root can be offered in very small amounts as an occasional treat for budgies. The foliage and flower stalks contain furanocoumarins, which can cause gastrointestinal upset if ingested and phototoxic reactions upon skin contact with sunlight. Raw root is difficult to digest and should be avoided.
Suitable: Cooked parsnip root (in very small amounts)
Risk parts: Foliage (especially older leaves), Flower stalks, Raw root
Budgie
Peas are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat, with cooked or young parts preferred. Old pods and roots should be avoided due to lectins and hard-to-digest components. Excessive consumption may cause bloating. No specific toxicity evidence for budgies available, but conservative classification based on known plant compounds and comparable small mammal tolerance.
Suitable: Seeds, Pods (sugar peas only), Young shoot tips, Flowers
Risk parts: Old, fibrous pods of shelling peas, Roots
Budgie
Peanut kernels can be given to budgies as an occasional treat, but only in very small amounts due to high fat and protein content. Mold must be strictly avoided as aflatoxins are highly toxic. The shell is not digestible and can cause digestive blockages. No direct evidence of kernel toxicity in budgies when fed fresh and mold-free in moderation. Classification based on general avian diet knowledge and…
Suitable: Seeds (kernels)
Risk parts: Shell
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available.
Suitable: head, leaves
Risk parts: core (very fibrous)
Budgie
Radicchio is suitable for budgies in moderation as a leafy green. The bitter compounds (intybin) aid digestion, but excessive consumption may cause bloating or loose droppings due to high fiber content. It should only be offered as a supplement to the main diet.
Suitable: Leaves
Budgie
Garden radish is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The root tuber, young leaves, and flowers can be fed, but seed pods and old, woody leaves should be avoided due to potential irritation. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset. Observation is recommended if symptoms occur. Consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist or worsen.
Suitable: Root tuber, Young leaves, Flowers
Risk parts: Seed pods, Old, woody leaves
Budgie
Radish roots are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Leaves can be fed in moderation but contain glucosinolates which may cause gastrointestinal irritation if overfed. No known severe toxicities with normal consumption.
Suitable: Root
Budgie
The fruit is suitable for budgies as an occasional treat. Leaves and stems contain small amounts of cyanogenic compounds and should only be fed in very small amounts, if at all. Overconsumption can lead to digestive issues.
Suitable: Fruit
Risk parts: Leaves and stems (raw, in large quantities)
Budgie
Currant fruit is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Leaves, stems, and roots contain glycosides and should be avoided. Consumption of large amounts or toxic parts may cause gastrointestinal upset. Monitor the bird and contact a veterinarian if symptoms persist.
Suitable: Fruit
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems, Roots
Budgie
Romanesco is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The edible parts (inflorescence, tender inner leaves, peeled stem) are non-toxic and provide nutrients. Roots and old, tough outer leaves should be avoided as they are difficult to digest and may cause gastrointestinal discomfort. Overconsumption poses a bloating risk. Consult a veterinarian if signs of discomfort appear.
Suitable: Inflorescence (head), Tender inner leaves, Stem (peeled)
Risk parts: Roots, Old, tough outer leaves
Budgie
Root parsley is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The leaves and root are edible and nutritious, while flowering plants and larger amounts of seeds should be avoided due to increased apiol and myristicin content. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. Consult an avian veterinarian if symptoms occur.
Suitable: Root, Leaves
Risk parts: Flowering plants in the second year (increased apiol content), Seeds (in larger amounts)
Budgie
Blackberry fruits are safe for budgies in moderation and can be offered as an occasional treat. Leaves and stems contain tannins that may cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed in large quantities. Thorns pose a physical hazard and should be removed.
Suitable: Fruit
Risk parts: Leaves, Stems
Budgie
Kohlrabi is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The stem tuber and young leaves are edible and nutritious but contain glucosinolates that may cause gastrointestinal discomfort if overfed. Woody or very old tubers should be avoided due to poor digestibility. Flowering stems are fibrous but not toxic. No budgie-specific study exists, but the general safety of kohlrabi for birds and…
Suitable: Stem tuber, Young leaves
Budgie
The edible parts of salsify (root, young shoots, leaves, flower buds) are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Old, woody stems should be avoided as they are difficult to digest and may cause gastrointestinal discomfort. No known toxic compounds are present. Overconsumption may lead to mild digestive upset due to fiber content. If symptoms such as diarrhea or loss of appetite occur…
Suitable: Root, Young shoots, Leaves, Flower buds
Risk parts: Old, woody stems in the second year
Budgie
Savoury is likely safe for budgies in normal amounts. Large quantities may cause mild gastrointestinal upset due to essential oils. It is used as a culinary herb, not a primary food source.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots
Budgie
Savoy cabbage can be offered in small amounts as an occasional treat. Large quantities, especially raw, can lead to digestive upset and potentially thyroid problems due to glucosinolates (goitrogens). Only feed fresh, inner leaves.
Suitable: Fresh, inner leaves
Risk parts: Outer leaves, Core, Large quantities of raw leaves
Budgie
The edible berries of sea buckthorn are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat, being rich in vitamin C and antioxidants. However, due to the very tart taste and high acidity, feeding should be limited to very small quantities to avoid gastrointestinal upset. Thorns and other plant parts should not be fed. No known toxic compounds in the edible parts. If signs of discomfort occur after…
Suitable: Fruits (berries)
Budgie
The edible parts of skirret (roots and young shoots) are safe for budgies in small quantities. Other plant parts like flowering stems or seeds are not toxic but are difficult to digest and should be avoided. When foraging wild, there is a risk of confusion with toxic relatives like Sium latifolium.
Suitable: Roots, Young shoots in spring
Budgie
Cooked soybeans can be given to budgies as an occasional treat. Raw seeds contain anti-nutrients that can disrupt digestion. Only feed small amounts of plain, cooked seeds. Consult a veterinarian if digestive issues occur.
Suitable: cooked seeds
Risk parts: raw seeds
Budgie
Leaves and young shoots are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Due to oxalic acid content, spinach should only be fed occasionally and in limited amounts. Roots, flower stalks, and seeds are not suitable and should be avoided. Excessive intake may cause gastrointestinal upset or kidney strain. Consult a veterinarian if symptoms occur.
Suitable: Leaves, young shoots
Risk parts: Roots, flower stalks, seeds
Budgie
Stielmus is edible and generally non-toxic for budgies, but due to its glucosinolate content, it should be fed only in moderation, especially the young, tender parts. Older, woody stems and seed stalks should be avoided. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset. There are no budgie-specific studies, but the classification is based on the general safety of Brassica rapa for birds and the known feeding…
Suitable: Stems, Leaves, Young roots
Risk parts: Old, woody stems, Flower stalks (if already bloomed), Seed pods
Budgie
The peeled, boiled, or roasted nut fruit of the sweet chestnut is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Raw or excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset due to tannins. Other plant parts such as leaves, bark, and spiny cupules should be avoided. Due to lack of species-specific sources, a conservative assessment is made. Consult an avian veterinarian if poisoning is suspected.
Suitable: Nut (after peeling)
Risk parts: Cupule (spiny), Bark, Leaves
Budgie
Budgies can safely eat the sweet kernels of sweet corn as an occasional treat. Other parts of the plant are not toxic but are difficult to digest and should be avoided. Overconsumption may cause gastrointestinal upset. Kernels should be appropriately sized to prevent choking.
Suitable: Kernels (seeds), Young, immature ears (baby corn)
Risk parts: Husks, Stalks, Dried silks, Central cob core
Budgie
Cooked sweet potato tuber is suitable in small amounts as a treat. Raw tubers or seeds should be avoided. No specific toxicity data found for budgies.
Suitable: tuber (cooked)
Budgie
Table grapes are suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The berries contain valuable nutrients, however stems and seeds may pose problems due to taste and potential obstruction risk. Excessive consumption may lead to gastrointestinal upset. No specific toxins known for birds in the berries. Observations in other bird species show similar tolerance as in parakeets. Consult a veterinarian if…
Suitable: Fruit (berries)
Risk parts: Stems, Seeds
Budgie
Tatsoi belongs to the Brassica family. Like other brassicas, it contains glucosinolates (mustard oils) which, in very large quantities or as an exclusive diet, can potentially affect thyroid function (goitrogenic effect) and cause mild digestive upset. In moderation, as part of a varied diet, it is generally safe for budgies.
Suitable: Leaves, Leaf stalks
Budgie
Thyme is safe for budgies in small amounts and can be offered as an occasional treat. Large quantities should be avoided to prevent stomach irritation.
Suitable: Leaves, young shoots, flowers
Risk parts: Woody stems
Budgie
The underground tubers of tiger nut are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. The green foliage is very fibrous and sharp-edged and should be avoided, as it may cause obstructions or gastrointestinal irritation. Due to high fiber content, feeding should be limited.
Suitable: Underground tubers
Risk parts: Green foliage (very fibrous and sharp-edged)
Budgie
Young leaves and shoot tips of nettle are suitable for budgies after proper processing (blanching, drying, or fine chopping) in small amounts. Old stems contain more fiber and may cause digestive issues. Seeds only in very small amounts due to possible hormonal effects.
Suitable: young leaves, shoot tips, seeds in small amounts
Risk parts: old fibrous stems
Budgie
White cabbage leaves are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Excessive consumption may cause digestive issues. Roots and core should be avoided.
Suitable: Leaves (head)
Budgie
Leaves and stems are safe for budgies in moderation. Seeds should be avoided due to potential oxalic acid concentration. Excessive consumption may cause mild gastrointestinal upset.
Suitable: Leaves, Stems
Risk parts: Seeds
Budgie
Winter Savory is listed as non-toxic for other common pets and is used as a culinary herb. Fresh leaves can be offered in small amounts as an occasional treat. Large quantities might cause mild gastrointestinal upset due to essential oils.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots
Budgie
Ginger rhizome is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Large quantities may cause gastrointestinal upset. No known toxic compounds identified for birds.
Suitable: Rhizome
Budgie
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is considered non-toxic to birds including budgies. Leaves and young shoots can be offered in small amounts as supplemental feed. No known side effects when used as intended. Possible digestive upset with overfeeding.
Suitable: Leaves, Young shoots
Budgie
Arugula is safe for budgies and can be fed as part of a balanced diet. It contains valuable nutrients and is generally well tolerated. As with all fresh feeds, it should be introduced gradually and given in moderation to avoid digestive upset.
Suitable: Leaves, Flowers, Young seed pods
Budgie
Leaves of buck's-horn plantain are edible for budgies and accepted as part of a varied diet. Other plant parts such as flower stalks are less palatable and should only be fed rarely.
Suitable: Leaves
Budgie
Butterhead lettuce is safe for budgies and can be fed regularly as part of a balanced diet. Monitor for nitrate accumulation if over-fertilized.
Suitable: Leaves, Head
Budgie
Chayote is edible and non-toxic for budgies. All parts can be fed in moderation. Monitor birds for individual sensitivities.
Suitable: Fruit, Young shoots, Leaves, Roots
Budgie
Endive is safe for budgies and can be fed as part of a balanced diet. The leaves and heart are edible and are well accepted due to their mild taste and nutritional content. No known toxic compounds or parts.
Suitable: Leaves, Heart
Budgie
Corn salad is safe for budgies and can be fed as part of a balanced diet. The leaves and flowers are edible and nutrient-rich. Roots and seeds should be avoided as they are indigestible.
Suitable: Leaves, Flowers
Budgie
Cutting lettuce is safe for budgies and can be fed regularly as part of a balanced diet. The leaves are low in nutrients but well-tolerated, and budgies often enjoy them due to their high water content and crisp texture. Sudden diet changes or excessive consumption may lead to loose droppings, which is harmless and typically resolves quickly. No known toxic compounds or adverse effects have been observed with…
Suitable: Leaves
Budgie
Dandelion is safe for budgies and can be fed as part of a balanced diet. All parts of the plant are edible and nutritious. The latex is generally not a concern for birds.
Suitable: Leaves, Flowers, Roots
Budgie
Iceberg lettuce is safe for budgies and can be offered as part of a balanced diet. Leaves and young stems are safe. Nitrate may accumulate with excessive fertilization, so prefer organic quality. No known toxic compounds.
Suitable: Leaves, Stem (if young and tender)
Budgie
Napa cabbage is safe for budgies and can be fed as part of a balanced diet. The leaves, leaf ribs, and heart are edible and well tolerated. Roots should be avoided as they are not typically consumed and may contain soil or contaminants. No poisoning symptoms are expected with normal feeding.
Suitable: Leaves, Leaf ribs, Heart
Budgie
Romaine lettuce is safe for budgies and can be part of a balanced diet. Leaves and tender inner stalk are safe. Over-fertilization can lead to nitrate accumulation, so lettuce should be sourced from a trusted provider.
Suitable: Leaves, Tender inner stalk
Budgie
The public evidence for this combination is not strong enough.
35 Plants
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment for budgies is available. Barbarea vulgaris belongs to the Brassicaceae family, which can contain glucosinolates. In excessive consumption, these could cause gastrointestinal upset or potentially thyroid issues. Feeding is not recommended without further specific data.
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available. Fruits might be considered in very small amounts as a treat after frost or processing, but leaves and seeds should be avoided due to amygdalin.
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment for budgies is available. This is not species-specific information for budgies.
Budgie
Chives contain N-propyl disulfide, which is toxic to birds such as budgies and can lead to hemolytic anemia. Although direct budgie sources are lacking, the effect on birds is generally known and should be conservatively classified. All parts of the plant should be considered potentially hazardous. If ingested, contact an avian veterinarian immediately.
Budgie
['Choy Sum is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. The leaves, stems, and flower buds are edible and contain beneficial nutrients. Roots should be avoided as they are less commonly consumed and may contain higher concentrations of compounds. As with all brassicas, excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal upset due to glucosinolates.']
Budgie
Leaves and young shoots can be fed in small amounts as a treat, stems contain higher concentrations of mustard oil glycosides and should be avoided. Consumption of larger amounts may lead to gastrointestinal upset. No budgie-specific studies available, classification based on general plant toxicity and diet of similar small birds.
Budgie
Leaves and flowers are suitable for budgies in moderation. Seeds contain essential oils that may cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed excessively. No indications of severe toxicity from typical leaf feeding.
Budgie
The fruit flesh of the damson plum is suitable for budgies in small amounts as an occasional treat. Pits, leaves, and bark contain amygdalin and can cause cyanide poisoning if ingested. Due to their small body size, budgies are particularly sensitive to toxins. Only offer pitted fruit flesh and strictly limit quantity. Contact a veterinarian immediately if toxic parts are consumed.
Budgie
['Leaves and flowers in small amounts as occasional treat suitable. Avoid essential oil due to thujone and pinene which can be neurotoxic. If poisoning suspected, contact veterinarian.']
Budgie
No specific information available for budgies. Leaf mustard can be problematic for some animals with excessive consumption or thyroid issues. Classification is not possible without species-specific data.
Budgie
Leaves can be given as an occasional treat in small amounts. Stems and roots should be avoided due to their woody nature and potential irritation from essential oils. If large amounts of stems/roots are ingested, monitor and contact vet if symptoms appear.
Budgie
The flesh of muskmelon is suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Seeds and rind should be avoided due to digestive issues and potential cucurbitacins.
Budgie
['Only cooked young pods in small amounts as an occasional treat are suitable. Raw parts contain the toxin phytohaemagglutinin and are hazardous. Flowers and mature seeds should be avoided due to lack of data for budgies.']
Budgie
Although no direct budgerigar studies exist, the plant is considered an edible herb with low risk, especially as it belongs to the Rosaceae family and lacks known toxic principles relevant to birds. Young leaves, flowers, and shoots can be offered in small amounts as part of a varied diet. Woody stems should be avoided due to potential mechanical hazards.
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available. Tripmadam (Sedum rupestre) is considered non-toxic and suitable for budgies in small amounts as supplemental feed. Young shoots and leaves can be fed occasionally. Mild gastrointestinal upset is possible with overconsumption. No known toxic compounds documented for birds. Observations from keeping show no signs of poisoning with normal feeding. As a succulent…
Budgie
Strawberry fruits are suitable for budgies in small amounts as a treat. Leaves and stems should be avoided as they may be difficult for birds to digest and could cause gastrointestinal upset. No known toxic compounds in the fruit.
Budgie
Sugarloaf chicory is suitable as fresh greens for budgies. The leaves are nutrient-rich and generally well tolerated. No known toxic effects in birds.
Budgie
No direct budgie-specific sources found. Based on toxicity to mammals (dog, cat, horse) and the presence of glycoalkaloids and sesquiterpene lactones, a conservative classification as not recommended is made. While young leaves and flowers may be edible for humans, ingestion poses a risk for budgies.
Budgie
No reliable species-specific assessment is available. Due to the general toxicity of cucurbitacins in bitter fruits and the lack of data for birds, an 'unknown' classification is maintained, with a recommendation for caution.
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