Profile
DillAnethum graveolens
Dill (Anethum graveolens) is a popular annual herb prized for its fresh, anise-like flavor. Native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia, dill is now found worldwide in kitchens and gardens. It is excellent for companion planting and attracts beneficial insects. Harvest is continuous for the leaves or in late summer for the seeds, which can also be used culinarily. Dill is relatively easy to care for but requires a sunny location and well-drained soil.

Quick profile
Key data
Harvest
May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct
Water
medium
Good neighbors
CucumberCabbageLettuce
Avoid
FennelCarrots
Growing data
Dill Growing data
Seed depth
1 - 2 cm
Plant spacing
5 - 10 cm
Row spacing
20 - 30 cm
Germination temp
10 - 24 °C
Sowing and germination
Planting and spacing
Temperature and site
Water, nutrients and care
Container, support and growth
Year plan
Dill Calendar
Indoor sowing
Pre-culture is not recommended for dill due to its sensitive taproot.
Direct sowing
Successive sowings every 2-4 weeks for continuous harvest.
Planting
Direct sowing preferred.
Harvest
Harvest leaves before flowering; seeds in late summer when brown.
Year plan
- Direct sowing outdoors
Growing
Dill Site, soil and care
Spacing
5 - 10 cm
Storage
Fresh storage method: Refrigerator, Long term storage: Drying, freezing, pickling
Dill is a light germinator; seeds should be lightly covered with soil or pressed in. Early sowing outdoors is possible once severe frosts are no longer expected. Regular watering is important, especially during dry periods, to prevent premature bolting. For a continuous harvest of leaves, successive sowings should be made every 2-4 weeks. Harvesting leaves is best done before flowering, as they can lose flavor afterward. Seed heads for harvesting seeds mature in late summer.

Pruning
Dill Pruning
Not applicable
Goal
Not applicable
Tools and hygiene
Use clean tools to prevent disease transmission.
Companion guide
Dill Companion guide
Good neighbors
CucumberCabbageLettuce
Avoid
FennelCarrots
Health
Pests, Diseases
Pests
Aphids
Curled leaves, sticky honeydew.
Diseases
Fusarium wilt
Sudden wilting of shoots despite moist soil.
Deficiencies
Nitrogen deficiency
Pale, yellowish leaves and stunted growth.
Plant health
FAQ
When is the best time to sow dill?
The best time to sow dill outdoors is from April, once severe frosts are no longer expected. For a continuous harvest, you can sow successively every 2-4 weeks.
Why is my dill bolting prematurely?
Premature bolting is often triggered by drought stress, heat, or nutrient deficiency. Ensure consistent watering and a cool location if possible.
Can dill be grown in pots?
Yes, dill can be grown successfully in pots. Choose deep pots (at least 25 cm deep) due to its taproot and ensure good drainage.
Related plants
Fennel
Both belong to the Apiaceae family.
Parsley
Both belong to the Apiaceae family.
Coriander
Both are popular annual culinary herbs.
Lettuce
Both plants have medium nutrient requirements.
Spinach
Both prefer consistent soil moisture and do not tolerate drought.
Internal links
Related plants
Sources
Public sources
- Wikidata entity
Wikidata · 2026-05-12
- GBIF species match
GBIF · 2026-05-12
- Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Dill (Pflanze)
Wikipedia · 2026-05-12
- English Wikipedia: Dill
Wikipedia · 2026-05-12
- Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Dill (Pflanze)
Wikipedia · 2026-05-12
Details
More public plant data
Names
Common
Dill
Plural
Dill
Scientific synonyms
- Anethum arvense
- Anethum sowa
- Angelica graveolens
- Ferula graveolens
- Peucedanum anethum
- Pastinaca graveolens
- Selinum anethum
Synonyms
- Garden dill
- Dill weed
Common synonyms
- Garden dill
- Dill weed
Regional names
Historical names
Market names
Misspellings
- Dil
International names
Fr
- Aneth
Es
- Eneldo
It
- Aneto
Pl
- Koper ogrodowy
Ambiguous names
- NameDillLanguageen
Shared with
- Dill (Surname)
- Dill (Germany)
Clarification
Refers specifically to the culinary herb.
Search terms
- Dill
- Anethum graveolens
- Garden dill
Taxonomy
Clades
- Tracheophyta
- Angiosperms
- Eudicots
- Asterids
Family
Celery family
Related crops
- Foeniculum vulgare
- Petroselinum crispum
- Coriandrum sativum
Classification
Edible parts
- Leaves
- Seeds
- Flowers
Calendar
Sowing indoor
Notes
Pre-culture is not recommended for dill due to its sensitive taproot.
Sowing outdoor
Months
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
Notes
Successive sowings every 2-4 weeks for continuous harvest.
Planting out
Notes
Direct sowing preferred.
Harvest
Months
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
Notes
Harvest leaves before flowering; seeds in late summer when brown.
Month tasks
3
Prepare bed and remove weeds.
4
First direct sowing outdoors.
5
Perform succession sowing; water young plants during drought.
6
Continuous harvest of fresh tips.
7
Last sowing for autumn harvest.
8
Harvest dill umbels for pickling cucumbers.
9
Collect seed heads for seed saving.
10
Final harvest before frost; clear beds.
Month tasks structured
4
- Tasksowing
Label
Direct sowing outdoors
PriorityhighMonths
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
Notes
Sow in rows, barely cover with soil.
Book content
Overview
Dill (Anethum graveolens) is a popular annual herb prized for its fresh, anise-like flavor. Native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia, dill is now found worldwide in kitchens and gardens. It is excellent for companion planting and attracts beneficial insects. Harvest is continuous for the leaves or in late summer for the seeds, which can also be used culinarily. Dill is relatively easy to care for but requires a sunny location and well-drained soil.
Structured month tasks
4
- Tasksowing
Label
Start sowing
PrioritymediumMonths
- 4
Notes
Soil temperature should be above 10°C.
Cultivation specs
Seed
Spacing
Spacing notes
Sow more densely for leaf harvest, leave more space for seed harvest.
Growth dimensions
Final size notes
Develops a deep taproot and a tall, airy structure.
Temperature
Temperature notes
Sensitive to severe late frosts; heat encourages bolting.
Water
Critical water phases
- Germination phase
- Flower formation
Water notes
Consistent moisture is important, avoid waterlogging.
Nutrition
Nutrition notes
Do not use fresh manure; compost is ideal.
Container
Container notes
Choose deep pots due to the taproot.
Support
Support types
- stake
Support notes
Tall plants may collapse in wind; protection or stakes advisable.
Cultivation modes
Yield density
Yield notes
Yield varies significantly depending on harvest time (leaf vs. seed).
Site
Exposure
Full sun to partial shade
Wind protection
Wind protection required
Soil
Type
Permeable, humic, medium-heavy
Watering
Description
Never let soil dry out completely, especially during germination.
Nutrition
Description
Medium feeder; benefits from well-rotted compost before sowing.
Cultivation planning
Succession sowing
Bed planning notes
Do not plant next to fennel (risk of cross-pollination); good neighbors are cucumbers and cabbage.
Crop rotation
Successors
- Lettuce
- Cucumbers
- Onions
Predecessors
- Potatoes
- Legumes
Notes
Dill should not follow other members of the celery family (Apiaceae) to prevent soil exhaustion and disease buildup.
Deficiencies
Nitrogen
Name
Nitrogen deficiency
Symptoms
Pale, yellowish leaves and stunted growth.
Problems
Bolting
Name
Premature bolting
Cause
Drought stress or excessively high temperatures.
Problem management
Common pest groups
- Sucking insects
- Cutworms
Common disease groups
- Wilt diseases
- Downy mildew
Prevention principles
- Maintain crop rotation
- Consistent water supply
- Avoid waterlogging
Diagnosis notes
Dill is sensitive to soil issues; wilting is often a sign of root pathogens.
Disease graph
Profiles
- Slugdill_wiltSeverityhigh
Conditions
- Waterlogged soils
- Lack of crop rotation
Affected parts
- Roots
- Stems
Prevention
- Site rotation
- Soil aeration
Organic control
- Removal of infected plants
Diagnostic rules
Symptom
Yellow leaf tips
Possible causes
- drought
- nitrogen_deficiency
First checks
- Check soil moisture
- Review fertilization
Prevention strategy
Cultural
- Thin sowing for good air circulation
Monitoring
- Weekly check for aphids
Organic first response
- Nettle water for aphid infestation
Notes
Healthy soil is the best prevention.
Diagnosis
Phenology
Stages
- Germination
- Leaf development
- Bolting (stem elongation)
- Flower bud formation
- Flowering
- Fruit development (seed ripening)
- Senescence
Notes
Dill grows very rapidly and tends to bolt prematurely under drought stress or heat.
Flowering pollination
Flowering period
June to August
Flower color
Yellow
Flower type
Compound umbel
Harvest
Harvest parts
- Leaf tips
- Flower heads
- Seeds
Main harvest season
May to October
Harvest details
Harvest frequency
Continuous for leaves; single event for matured seed umbels.
Harvest indicators
- Leaves have reached approximately 15-20 cm in height
- Umbels for pickling: When flowers are fully open
- Seeds: When umbels turn brown
Post harvest handling
Use fresh dill immediately or store in a damp cloth in the refrigerator.
Storage
Fresh storage method
Refrigerator
Long term storage
Drying, freezing, pickling
Storage details
General storage category
Short-lived fresh produce or dried spice
Storage life
Fresh: 2-3 days; Dried: 1-2 years; Frozen: 6-12 months
Processing options
- Freezing (preserves aroma better than drying)
- Drying seeds in an airy location
- Infusing in vinegar or oil
Processing use
Primary use
Culinary and medicinal herb
Industrial use
Production of dill oil for the food industry
Kitchen usage
Culinary applications
- Fish dishes
- Cucumber salads and pickles
- Yogurt or cream-based sauces
- Potato dishes
Flavor profile
Anise-like, fresh, slightly sweet
Safety and edibility
Edible parts
- Leaves
- Seeds
- Flowers
- Tender stems
Inedible or caution parts
- Coarse, woody stems
Toxicity notes
Non-toxic. Contact with plant sap combined with UV light may cause phototoxicity in rare cases.
Raw consumption
Excellent for raw consumption, especially the young tips.
Seed saving
Harvest method
Cut entire umbels once seeds are brown and dry.
Seed saving advanced
Cross pollination risk
High when fennel is flowering at the same time.
Cleaning method
Shaking umbels into a bucket, screening out coarse debris.
Woody crop details
Notes
Dill is not a woody plant and therefore has no specific details for this category.
Ecology
Biodiversity notes
Dill flowers are an important food source for many beneficial insects, including hoverflies, bees, and various beetle species. The seeds provide food for birds.
Practical notes
Dill is a light germinator; seeds should be lightly covered with soil or pressed in. Early sowing outdoors is possible once severe frosts are no longer expected. Regular watering is important, especially during dry periods, to prevent premature bolting. For a continuous harvest of leaves, successive sowings should be made every 2-4 weeks. Harvesting leaves is best done before flowering, as they can lose flavor afterward. Seed heads for harvesting seeds mature in late summer.
Seasonal content
Spring
Begin sowing dill outdoors as soon as the soil has warmed. Plan for early successive sowings for continuous harvest.
Summer
Harvest fresh dill leaves continuously. Ensure adequate watering to prevent bolting. Harvest dill umbels for pickling.
Autumn
Collect dill seeds as the umbels turn brown. The last leaves can be harvested before the first frost.
Winter
Dill is an annual herb and does not overwinter outdoors. Seeds can be dried or frozen indoors.

