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Root ParsleyPetroselinum crispum subsp. tuberosum

Biennial root plant with intense aroma and high storage capacity.

Root Parsley (Petroselinum crispum subsp. tuberosum): plant portrait for plant portrait - Vegetables, Umbellifers, Harvest
Root Parsley: plant portrait. harvest: September - December.

Quick profile

Key data

Harvest

September - December

Water

medium

Good neighbors

tomatoOnionCucumberTomato

Avoid

CarrotFennelCarrotFennel

Growing data

Root Parsley Growing data

Seed depth

1 - 2 cm

Plant spacing

5 - 10 cm

Row spacing

25 - 30 cm

Germination temp

5 - 25 °C

Sowing and germination

Seed depth1 - 2 cm
Germination temp5 - 25 °C
Germination time21 - 30 days
Seed viability2 - 3 years
Light germinatorNo
Dark germinatorYes
Cold germinatorNo
Stratification neededNo
Pre-soaking recommendedYes
Direct sowing possibleYes
Pre-culture recommendedNo

Planting and spacing

Plant spacing5 - 10 cm
Row spacing25 - 30 cm
Plants per m²35 - 45 per m²
Bed widthfrom 60 cm
Spacing1x1 to 3x3

Temperature and site

Soil temperature8 - 15 °C
Growing temperaturefrom 5 °C
Optimal temperature15 - 22 °C
Frost sensitiveNo
Late frost sensitiveNo
Heat tolerancemedium
Cold tolerancehigh

Water, nutrients and care

Watermedium
Critical water phasesGermination phase, Main root growth
Watering methodbottom_soak
Droughtmedium
Waterlogging sensitiveYes
Mulching recommendedYes
Nutrient needmedium_feeder
Compost recommendedYes
Fertilizer sensitivitymedium

Container, support and growth

Container suitableYes
Pot sizeVolume: from 5 l; Recommended: from 10 l; Diameter: from 25 cm; Depth: from 40 cm
SupportNo
Height20 - 40 cm
Width15 - 25 cm
Root depth20 - 35 cm
Root spread5 - 10 cm
Yield0.1 - 0.2 kg

Year plan

Root Parsley Calendar

All plants
Indoor sowingDirect sowingPlantingHarvest

Indoor sowing

No data

Pre-culture unusual as taproots do not tolerate transplanting well.

Direct sowing

March - May

Early sowing possible from March as soon as the soil is workable.

Planting

No data

Direct sowing is strongly recommended.

Harvest

September - December

Main harvest in late autumn; can remain in the ground over winter if soil is not frozen.

Year plan
  1. Direct sowing

Growing

Root Parsley Site, soil and care

Spacing

5 - 10 cm

Storage

Fresh storage: Method: Refrigerator (crisper drawer), Duration: 1-2 weeks, Long term storage: Method: Storage in moist sand in a cool cellar., Duration: 4-6 months

Germination tip: Patience is key: Germination can take up to 4 weeks. Keep soil consistently moist., Soil prep: Loosen the soil deeply and remove stones to encourage straight, long roots.

Pruning

Root Parsley Pruning

Pruning timing

Summer

June - August

Crop maintenance Only remove dead leaves to prevent disease.

Remove

  • Yellowed or diseased outer leaves during the growth phase
  • Flower stalks in the first year (if they bolt prematurely)

Preserve

  • The central heart leaf for continuous growth
  • Sufficient foliage mass to provide energy to the root

Avoid

  • Radical cutting of foliage before main harvest
  • Damaging the taproot during hoeing

Tools and hygiene

Use clean knives to avoid pathogens at the root collar.

Companion guide

Root Parsley Companion guide

Companion guide

Good neighbors

tomatoOnionCucumberTomatoOnion

Avoid

CarrotFennelCarrotFennel

Health

Pests, Diseases

Pests

psila_rosae

Feeding tunnels in the root, reddish discoloration.

Diseases

septoria_petroselini

Small brown spots with black borders on the leaves.

Deficiencies

boron_deficiency

Heart and dry rot, cracked roots.

Plant health

FAQ

Why is my root parsley growing so slowly?

The germination phase is very long, up to 30 days. Even after that, it grows slower than leaf parsley as it puts energy into root development.

Can you eat the leaves of root parsley?

Yes, the leaves are edible and taste similar to flat-leaf parsley. However, harvest moderately to avoid weakening the root.

Related plants

Carrot

Same family

Parsnip

Same crop group

Celery

Shared diseasesSimilar water needs

Susceptible to carrot fly and Septoria leaf spot.

Onion

Similar nutrient needs

Sources

Public sources

  1. Wikidata entity

    Wikidata · 2026-05-14

  2. GBIF species match

    GBIF · 2026-05-14

  3. Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Wurzelpetersilie

    Wikipedia · 2026-05-14

  4. GBIF species match

    GBIF · 2026-05-14

Details

More public plant data

Names
Common

Root Parsley

Plural

Root Parsleys

BotanicalPetroselinum crispum subsp. tuberosum
Botanical author(Bernh. ex Rchb.) Soó
Scientific synonyms
  1. Petroselinum crispum var. tuberosum
  2. Petroselinum sativum var. tuberosum
Synonyms
  1. Hamburg Parsley
  2. Dutch Parsley
  3. Turnip-rooted Parsley
Common synonyms
  1. Hamburg Parsley
Regional names
  1. Peterwurzen
Historical names
Market names
  1. Parsley Root
Misspellings
  1. Petersilien wurzel
International names
Fr
  1. Persil tubéreux
  2. Persil à grosse racine
It
  1. Prezzemolo da radice
Pl
  1. Pietruszka korzeniowa
Nl
  1. Wortelpeterselie
Ambiguous names
  1. NamePastinake
    Languagede
    Shared with
    1. Pastinaca sativa
    Clarification

    Often confused with parsnips, but root parsley smells like parsley and has different leaf attachment.

Search terms
  1. Root Parsley
  2. Hamburg Parsley
  3. Petroselinum tuberosum
Taxonomy
KingdomPlantae
Clades
  1. Tracheophyta
  2. Angiosperms
  3. Eudicots
  4. Asterids
OrderApiales
Family botanicalApiaceae
Family

Umbellifers

Family idapiaceae
GenusPetroselinum
SpeciesPetroselinum crispum
Subspeciestuberosum
Hybrid statusnot_hybrid
Related crops
  1. Petroselinum crispum var. crispum
  2. Pastinaca sativa
  3. Daucus carota
Classification
Main groupVegetable
Sub groupRoot Vegetable
Crop groupRoot and Tuber Crops
Life cyclebiennial
Perennialno
Woodyno
Treeno
Shrubno
Edible parts
  1. Root
  2. Leaves
Nutrient groupHeavy Feeder
Calendar
Sowing indoor
Notes

Pre-culture unusual as taproots do not tolerate transplanting well.

Sowing outdoor
Months
  1. 3
  2. 4
  3. 5
Earliest month3
Latest month5
Notes

Early sowing possible from March as soon as the soil is workable.

Planting out
Notes

Direct sowing is strongly recommended.

Harvest
Months
  1. 9
  2. 10
  3. 11
  4. 12
Earliest month9
Latest month12
Notes

Main harvest in late autumn; can remain in the ground over winter if soil is not frozen.

Month tasks
1
  1. Harvest possible if soil is not frozen.

2
  1. Bed preparation: Loosen soil deeply.

3
  1. First direct sowing outdoors.

4
  1. Continue sowing; ensure consistent moisture.

5
  1. Thin out young plants.

6
  1. Hoeing and weeding.

7
  1. Water regularly during dry spells.

8
  1. Check soil coverage via mulching.

9
  1. Start of harvest for early consumption.

10
  1. Main harvest season for storage.

11
  1. Store in sand boxes or pit storage.

12
  1. Fresh harvest from the bed as needed.

Month tasks structured
3
  1. Tasksowing
    Label

    Direct sowing

    Priorityhigh
    Months
    1. 3
    2. 4
    Conditionfrost_free_soil
    Estimated effortlow
    Notes

    Long germination period (up to 4 weeks); marker cropping with radishes recommended.

Book content
Intro text

Root parsley is an indispensable winter vegetable, prized for its aromatic, cone-shaped roots and flavorful foliage.

History

Native to the Mediterranean, it became a staple in Central and Eastern Europe, where it is a key ingredient in soups and stews.

Structured month tasks
3
  1. Tasksowing
    Label

    Outdoor sowing

    Prioritymedium
    Months
    1. 3
    2. 4
    3. 5
    Conditionmin_soil_temp_8C
    Estimated effortlow
    Notes

    Keep seeds consistently moist.

10
  1. Taskharvesting
    Label

    Main harvest

    Priorityhigh
    Months
    1. 10
    2. 11
    Conditiondry_weather
    Estimated effortmedium
    Notes

    Lift roots carefully with a digging fork.

Cultivation specs
Seed
Seed depth cm min.1
Seed depth cm max.2
Light germinatorno
Dark germinatoryes
Cold germinatorno
Stratification neededno
Pre soaking recommendedyes
Germination temperature c min.5
Germination temperature c max.25
Germination days min.21
Germination days max.30
Seed lifespan years min.2
Seed lifespan years max.3
Direct sowing possibleyes
Pre culture recommendedno
Spacing
Plant spacing cm min.5
Plant spacing cm max.10
Row spacing cm min.25
Row spacing cm max.30
Recommended density per sqm min.35
Recommended density per sqm max.45
Thinning distance8 cm
Min. bed width60 cm
Square foot gardening spacing1x1 to 3x3
Spacing notes

Sowing too densely results in thin roots.

Growth dimensions
Height cm min.20
Height cm max.40
Width cm min.15
Width cm max.25
Root depth cm min.20
Root depth cm max.35
Root spread cm min.5
Root spread cm max.10
Growth speedslow
Final size notes

The foliage resembles leaf parsley, while the root becomes turnip-like.

Temperature
Min. growing temperature5 °C
Optimal temperature c min.15
Optimal temperature c max.22
Max. heat tolerance30 °C
Soil temperature for sowing c min.8
Soil temperature for sowing c optimal15
Frost sensitiveno
Late frost sensitiveno
Heat tolerancemedium
Cold tolerancehigh
Temperature notes

Very frost-hardy; frost often improves the flavor.

Water
Water needmedium
Critical water phases
  1. Germination phase
  2. Main root growth
Drought tolerantno
Drought sensitivitymedium
Waterlogging sensitiveyes
Mulching recommendedyes
Water notes

Consistent moisture prevents the roots from splitting.

Nutrition
Nutrient groupmedium_feeder
Heavy feederno
Medium feederyes
Light feederno
Nitrogen needmedium
Phosphorus needmedium
Potassium needhigh
Calcium needmedium
Magnesium needlow
Compost recommendedyes
Mulching recommendedyes
Fertilizer sensitivitymedium
Nutrition notes

Do not use fresh manure (causes forking of roots).

Container
Container suitableyes
Min. pot volume5 l
Recommended pot volume10 l
Min. pot depth40 cm
Min. pot diameter25 cm
Plants per container min.1
Plants per container max.3
Drainage requiredyes
Repotting neededno
Container notes

Deep containers mandatory for the taproots.

Support
Needs supportno
Support recommendedno
Climbingno
Viningno
Trellis recommendedno
Training requiredno
Support notes

Self-supporting.

Cultivation modes
Outdoor bed suitableyes
Raised bed suitableyes
Container suitableyes
Balcony suitableyes
Greenhouse suitableno
Polytunnel suitableno
Indoor suitableno
Windowsill suitableno
Hydroponic possibleno
Permaculture suitableyes
No dig suitableyes
Yield density
Yield per plant min.0.1
Yield per plant max.0.2
Yield unitkg
Yield per sqm min.2.5
Yield per sqm max.4.5
Yield reliabilityhigh
Yield notes

Yield depends on soil quality and looseness.

Site
Exposure

Sunny to semi-shaded

Wind protection neededno
Ideal climate

Temperate climate, tolerates moist-cool locations.

Soil
Soil type

Deep, humus-rich, stone-free

PH range min.6
PH range max.7
Soil notes

Stones in the soil lead to crooked roots.

Watering
Frequency

Regularly, never let the soil dry out completely.

Sensitivity to wet leavesmedium
Nutrition
Fertilization strategy

Base fertilization with ripe compost before sowing; optional potassium-rich feeding in summer.

Cultivation planning
Succession sowing
Possibleyes
Interval days min.20
Interval days max.30
Bed planning notes

Do not grow after other Umbellifers (carrots, celery). Observe a crop rotation break of 3-4 years.

Rotation priorityhigh
Interplanting potentialGood with tomatoes, onions, or cucumbers.
Mechanization relevanceHarvesting requires specialized root lifting equipment on a commercial scale.
Crop rotation
Rotation pause years4
Previous crops
Good
  1. Solanum lycopersicum
  2. Allium cepa
  3. Cucumis sativus
Bad
  1. Daucus carota
  2. Apium graveolens
  3. Pastinaca sativa
  4. Anethum graveolens
Following crops
Good
  1. Lactuca sativa
  2. Spinacia oleracea
  3. Phaseolus vulgaris
Bad
  1. Petroselinum crispum
  2. Daucus carota
Notes

Root parsley is self-incompatible and prone to soil-borne diseases if the crop rotation is too tight.

Deficiencies
  1. Slugboron_deficiency
    NutrientBoron
    Symptoms

    Heart and dry rot, cracked roots.

Problems
  1. Slugforked_roots
    Name

    Forking

    Cause

    Stones in the soil or fresh organic manure.

Problem management
Common pest groups
  1. Flies
  2. Aphids
  3. Nematodes
Common disease groups
  1. Leaf spot diseases
  2. Powdery mildew
  3. Root rot
Prevention principles
  1. Use of healthy seeds
  2. Wide crop rotation (4 years)
  3. Deep soil loosening
Diagnosis notes

Always check soil structure and previous fertilization when diagnosing root problems.

Disease graph
Scoperoot_parsley_health
Profiles
  1. Slugmildew_powdery
    Severitymedium
    Conditions
    1. Dry and warm weather
    Affected parts
    1. Leaves
    Prevention
    1. Adequate plant spacing
    Organic control
    1. Treatment with wettable sulfur
Diagnostic rules
  1. Symptom

    Leaves yellow and wilt prematurely

    Possible causes
    1. psila_rosae
    2. waterlogging
    First checks
    1. Check root for feeding tunnels
    2. Check soil moisture
Prevention strategy
Cultural
  1. Site selection (windy)
  2. Stone-free bed
Monitoring
  1. Yellow sticky traps for carrot fly
Organic first response
  1. Removal of infested plant parts
Notes

Prevention is crucial for root vegetables as damage is often only visible at harvest.

Diagnosis
Soil check requiredyes
Phenology
Stages
  1. Germination (21-30 days)
  2. Leaf development
  3. Root thickening (main expansion in late summer)
  4. Flowering (in the second year)
  5. Seed maturation
Notes

As a biennial plant, the root is harvested in the first year; flowers only appear after a cold period in the following year.

Flowering pollination
Flowering period
Months
  1. 6
  2. 7
Notes

Flowering occurs only if the roots overwinter in the ground.

Flower description

Yellowish-green compound umbels, typical for Apiaceae.

Harvest
Main harvest period

October to November

Leaf harvest

Individual leaves can be harvested continuously, but this weakens root growth.

Harvest details
Harvest frequency

Single main harvest of roots; leaves can be picked moderately.

Harvest indicators
  1. Outer leaves dying back or yellowing
  2. Root has reached a diameter of approx. 3-5 cm
  3. Reaching the desired harvest window from September onwards
Post harvest handling

Trim foliage to 2-3 cm, do not wash if long-term storage is planned.

Storage
Fresh storage
Method

Refrigerator (crisper drawer)

Duration

1-2 weeks

Long term storage
Method

Storage in moist sand in a cool cellar.

Duration

4-6 months

Storage details
General storage category

Winter storage vegetable

Storage life

Very good storage life under cool, moist conditions (0-1°C, 95% RH).

Processing options
  1. Freezing (diced)
  2. Drying
  3. Pickling (Sweet and Sour)
  4. Preserving as broth
Processing use
Primary use

Soup greens and seasoning root

Industrial use

Production of bouillon cubes and dry spice mixes.

Kitchen usage
Culinary profile

Intense parsley aroma, sweeter than parsnips, spicy-earthy.

Preparation methods
  1. Grated raw in salads
  2. Steamed as a side dish
  3. Pureed in soups
  4. Roasted as oven vegetables
Safety and edibility
Edible parts
  1. Root
  2. Leaves
  3. Seeds (in small amounts as spice)
Inedible or caution parts
  1. Flowering plants in the second year (increased apiol content)
Toxicity notes

Contains apiol; levels increase significantly during flowering, which can be harmful in large quantities (especially during pregnancy).

Raw consumption

Safe and very aromatic; often finely grated in raw salads.

Seed saving
Difficulty

Medium

Isolation distance meters500
Seed harvest method

Cut umbels when they turn brown and allow to ripen further.

Seed saving advanced
Vernalization requiredyes
Crossing risks

Crosses with all other parsley varieties (leaf parsley).

Selection criteria

Select smooth, thick roots without branching for seed carriers.

Varieties
  1. NameHalblange
    Slughalblange
    Description

    Proven, high-yielding variety with cone-shaped, medium-heavy roots.

    Maturitymid-early
  2. NameBerliner
    Slugberliner
    Description

    Very common market variety, smooth-skinned and good for storage.

    Maturitylate
  3. NameArat
    Slugarat
    Description

    Smooth-walled, pure white roots with very strong aroma and good resistance.

    Maturitymid-early
Woody crop details
Notes

Root parsley is an herbaceous biennial vegetable; wood-specific or grafting topics are not applicable.

Ecology
Pollinator valuehigh
Wildlife valuemedium
Biodiversity notes

In the second year, the umbel flowers provide abundant nectar for hoverflies and wild bees.

Practical notes
Germination tip

Patience is key: Germination can take up to 4 weeks. Keep soil consistently moist.

Soil prep

Loosen the soil deeply and remove stones to encourage straight, long roots.

Seasonal content
Spring

Main season for outdoor sowing starting in March.

Summer

Focus on adequate watering and weed control.

Autumn

Start of main harvest and storage for winter.

Winter

Harvesting from the bed is possible if the soil is not frozen.