Profile
New Zealand spinachTetragonia tetragonoides
New Zealand spinach is the ultimate summer green for hot climates. While true spinach bolts quickly in the heat, this trailing member of the fig-marigold family thrives as temperatures rise. It produces succulent, triangular leaves and forms a dense carpet, making it an excellent living mulch or underplanting for tomatoes and corn.

Quick profile
Key data
Planting
May - June
Harvest
June - October
Water
medium
Good neighbors
TomatoCornCabbage
Avoid
No data
Growing data
New Zealand spinach Growing data
Seed depth
1 - 2 cm
Plant spacing
50 - 80 cm
Row spacing
60 - 100 cm
Germination temp
15 - 25 °C
Sowing and germination
Planting and spacing
Temperature and site
Water, nutrients and care
Container, support and growth
Year plan
New Zealand spinach Calendar
Indoor sowing
Indoor pre-culture in pots recommended due to slow germination.
Direct sowing
Direct sowing only after the last frost when soil is sufficiently warm.
Planting
Plant out after the last frost; plants require significant space.
Harvest
Continuous harvesting of shoot tips encourages bushy growth.
Year plan
- Start pre-culture
- Planting out
Growing
New Zealand spinach Site, soil and care
Spacing
50 - 80 cm
Storage
Fresh storage: In the refrigerator for 2-3 days, Long term preservation: Blanching and freezing
- Type: tip, Text: Soak seeds in lukewarm water for 24 hours before sowing to soften the hard outer shell.
- Type: warning, Text: Oxalic acid content: Like true spinach, it should be blanched before consumption if sensitive.
Pruning
New Zealand spinach Pruning
pinching_and_heading_back
Goal
pinching_and_heading_back
Pruning timing
Summer
Ongoing harvest and growth control Regular cutting every 1-2 weeks encourages bushy growth.
Remove
- Shoot tips starting from a length of 10-15 cm
- Individual leaves as needed
- Seed heads to extend the harvest period
Preserve
- Main stems at the base
- Lower branchings for regeneration
Avoid
- Radical pruning of the entire plant to the ground
- Removing more than one third of the leaf mass at once
Tools and hygiene
Use clean tools to avoid soft rot at the cut surfaces.
Companion guide
New Zealand spinach Companion guide
Good neighbors
TomatoCornCabbage
Avoid
No data
Health
Pests, Diseases
Deficiencies
Nitrogen deficiency
Pale green to yellowish leaves, slow growth.
Plant health
FAQ
Can you eat New Zealand spinach raw?
In small amounts yes, but blanching is recommended due to oxalic acid and saponins.
Related plants
Spinach
Lettuce
Internal links
Related plants
Sources
Public sources
- Wikidata entity
Wikidata · 2026-05-14
- GBIF species match
GBIF · 2026-05-14
- Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Neuseeländer Spinat
Wikipedia · 2026-05-14
- English Wikipedia: Tetragonia tetragonioides
Wikipedia · 2026-05-14
Details
More public plant data
Names
Common
New Zealand spinach
Plural
New Zealand spinach
Scientific synonyms
- Tetragonia expansa Murray
- Demidovia tetragonoides Pall.
- Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall.) Kuntze
- Tetragonia halimifolia G.Forst.
Synonyms
- Warrigal greens
- Botany Bay greens
- Cook's cabbage
- Sea spinach
Common synonyms
- Warrigal greens
- Native spinach
Regional names
- Warrigal greens
- Botany Bay greens
Historical names
- Cook's cabbage
Market names
- New Zealand spinach
Misspellings
- Tetragonia tetragonioides
International names
Fr
- Tétragone cornue
- Épinard de la Nouvelle-Zélande
Es
- Espinaca de Nueva Zelanda
It
- Spinacio della Nuova Zelanda
Pl
- Trętwian czworoboczny
Ambiguous names
- NameSpinatLanguagede
Shared with
- Spinacia oleracea
Clarification
Not a true spinach, but a member of the fig-marigold family.
Search terms
- New Zealand spinach
- Tetragonia tetragonoides
- Warrigal greens
Taxonomy
Clades
- Angiosperms
- Eudicots
- Core eudicots
Family
Fig-marigold family
Related crops
- Spinacia oleracea
- Atriplex hortensis
Classification
Edible parts
- Leaves
- Shoot tips
Calendar
Sowing indoor
Months
- 3
- 4
Notes
Indoor pre-culture in pots recommended due to slow germination.
Sowing outdoor
Months
- 5
- 6
Notes
Direct sowing only after the last frost when soil is sufficiently warm.
Planting out
Months
- 5
- 6
Notes
Plant out after the last frost; plants require significant space.
Harvest
Months
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
Notes
Continuous harvesting of shoot tips encourages bushy growth.
Month tasks
3
Sow in pots on the windowsill or in the greenhouse.
4
Harden off young plants and prepare for transplanting.
5
Transplant into the open ground after mid-May.
6
Water regularly and harvest the first shoot tips.
10
Final harvest before the first frost.
Month tasks structured
3
- Tasksowing
Label
Start pre-culture
PrioritymediumMonths
- 3
- 4
Estimated effortlowNotes
Pre-soak seeds in lukewarm water for 24 hours.
5
- Taskplanting
Label
Planting out
PriorityhighMonths
- 5
- 6
ConditionAfter last frostEstimated effortmediumNotes
Maintain wide spacing as plants spread vigorously.
Book content
Overview
New Zealand spinach is the ultimate summer green for hot climates. While true spinach bolts quickly in the heat, this trailing member of the fig-marigold family thrives as temperatures rise. It produces succulent, triangular leaves and forms a dense carpet, making it an excellent living mulch or underplanting for tomatoes and corn.
Structured month tasks
3
- Tasksowing_indoor
Label
Indoor sowing
PrioritymediumMonths
- 3
- 4
Notes
Sow seeds 1 cm deep.
7
- Taskharvesting
Label
Main harvest
PrioritymediumMonths
- 7
- 8
- 9
Notes
Regular cutting prevents flowering.
Cultivation specs
Seed
Spacing
Spacing notes
Plants spread horizontally and provide ground cover.
Growth dimensions
Final size notes
Trailing habit, can become very expansive under good conditions.
Temperature
Temperature notes
Dies immediately at the first sign of frost.
Water
Critical water phases
- Establishment phase
- Summer heat waves
Water notes
Tolerates drought better than true spinach, but benefits from consistent moisture.
Nutrition
Nutrition notes
Moderately fertilized soil is sufficient; excess nitrogen leads to nitrate accumulation.
Container
Container notes
Use large pots or balcony boxes as shoots will hang over the edges.
Support
Support notes
Grows flat on the ground; no climbing aid needed.
Cultivation modes
Yield density
Yield notes
Very productive due to continuous new growth.
Site
Exposure
Full sun to partial shade
Wind protection
Not strictly necessary
Soil
Type
Sandy loam, humus-rich
Watering
Frequency
Regularly, do not let soil dry out completely
Nutrition
Main fertilizer
Compost or organic slow-release fertilizer
Cultivation planning
Succession sowing
Bed planning notes
Ideal as a ground filler under tall crops like tomatoes or corn.
Crop rotation
Preceding crops
- Peas
- Beans
- Early potatoes
Succeeding crops
- Cabbage
- Leeks
- Onions
Notes
As it is not related to true spinach, it is a good alternative in tight crop rotations.
Deficiencies
Nitrogen
Name
Nitrogen deficiency
Symptoms
Pale green to yellowish leaves, slow growth.
Problems
Frost damage
Name
Frost damage
Symptoms
Plant turns black and mushy.
Nitrate accumulation
Name
Nitrate accumulation
Symptoms
No external symptoms, results from over-fertilization.
Problem management
Common pest groups
- Sucking insects
- Slugs
Common disease groups
- Fungal diseases (rare)
Prevention principles
- Sufficient spacing for good ventilation.
- Water directly at the base.
- Regular harvesting promotes vitality.
Diagnosis notes
The plant is overall very robust against pests and diseases.
Disease graph
Profiles
- Slugfungal-leaf-spotSeveritylow
Conditions
- High humidity
- Dense planting
Affected parts
- Old leaves
Prevention
- Maintain spacing
- Thin out lower leaves
Organic control
- Remove infected leaves
- Spray horsetail tea
Diagnostic rules
Symptom
Yellow leaves at the base
Possible causes
- Nitrogen deficiency
- Natural aging
- Waterlogging
First checks
- Check soil moisture
- Check fertilization status
Prevention strategy
Cultural
- Site selection (sunny)
- Soil loosening
Monitoring
- Weekly check of shoot tips for aphids
Organic first response
- Spraying with a water jet for aphid infestation
Notes
Harvest note: Be aware of oxalic acid content (similar to true spinach).
Diagnosis
Phenology
Stages
- Germination
- Vegetative growth with heavy branching
- Flowering in leaf axils
- Maturation of four-winged capsule fruits
Notes
The plant has a trailing habit and continues to produce new side shoots throughout the summer.
Flowering pollination
Flowering period
July to September
Flower color
Yellow-green
Flower type
Inconspicuous solitary flowers in leaf axils
Harvest
Harvest season
June to October
Main harvest method
Cutting off the shoot tips (approx. 10-15 cm)
Harvest details
Harvest frequency
Regularly every 1-2 weeks
Harvest indicators
- Shoots have reached a length of 10 cm
- Leaves are succulent and deep green
- Before seed sets (for best quality)
Post harvest handling
Use immediately or wrap in a damp cloth; wilts quickly.
Storage
Fresh storage
In the refrigerator for 2-3 days
Long term preservation
Blanching and freezing
Storage details
General storage category
Short-term storage (fresh vegetable)
Storage life
Very short; loses crispness quickly.
Processing options
- Freezing
- Canning (rarely)
- Drying not recommended
Processing use
Preparation
Wash thoroughly, remove thick stems from older shoots.
Cooking methods
- Steaming
- Blanching
- Stir-frying
Kitchen usage
Flavor profile
Mild, slightly acidic, similar to true spinach but more robust.
Culinary role
Substitute for spinach in all warm dishes; side dish for fish and meat.
Safety and edibility
Edible parts
- Young leaves
- Tender shoot tips
Inedible or caution parts
- Tough, woody stems
- Mature fruits (seed capsules)
Toxicity notes
Contains oxalic acid and saponins; blanching reduces the content.
Raw consumption
Possible in small amounts, but blanching is recommended due to oxalic acid.
Seed saving
Harvesting seeds
In autumn, collect the hard, brown seed capsules.
Cleaning storage
Further dry the capsules and store in a dry place; the entire fruit is sown.
Seed saving advanced
Isolation distance
No crossing with true spinach possible.
Seed viability
3-5 years when stored in cool, dry conditions.
Woody crop details
Notes
New Zealand spinach is not a woody plant, but an annual herbaceous plant. Care focuses on pinching back shoot tips for harvest.
Ecology
Biodiversity notes
Inconspicuous flowers attract few insects, but the dense ground cover provides shelter for ground beetles.
Practical notes
- Typetip
Text
Soak seeds in lukewarm water for 24 hours before sowing to soften the hard outer shell.
- Typewarning
Text
Oxalic acid content: Like true spinach, it should be blanched before consumption if sensitive.
Seasonal content
Spring
Start indoor pre-culture and pre-soak seeds.
Summer
Main harvest time; ensure adequate water supply.
Autumn
Collect seeds for next year before the frost arrives.



