hardy kiwiActinidia arguta

hardy kiwi

hardy kiwis

1. Trochostigma argutum
2. Actinidia callosa var. arguta
3. Actinidia rufa var. arguta

1. hardy kiwi
2. kiwiberry
3. baby kiwi
4. cocktail kiwi
5. grape kiwi
6. hardy kiwifruit
7. Actinidia arguta fruit

1. hardy kiwi
2. kiwiberry
3. baby kiwi
4. cocktail kiwi
5. grape kiwi
6. hardy kiwifruit

1. hardy kiwi
2. hardy kiwis
3. Actinidia arguta
4. kiwiberry
5. baby kiwi
6. cocktail kiwi
7. grape kiwi
8. hardy kiwifruit

Kiwifruit family

1. fruit

1. Taskpruning

   Label

   Perform winter pruning

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 1
   2. 2

   Notes

   Remove old fruiting wood and thin out the plant to encourage new shoots and fruits.

1. Taskpruning

   Label

   Complete winter pruning

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 1
   2. 2

   Notes

   Remove old fruiting wood and thin out the plant to encourage new shoots and fruits.

1. Taskplanting

   Label

   Plant young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 3
   2. 4
   3. 5
   4. 9
   5. 10

   Notes

   Planting of young hardy kiwi plants in spring after the last frosts.

2. Taskfertilizing

   Label

   First fertilization

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 3

   Notes

   Apply compost or organic slow-release fertilizer.

1. Taskplanting

   Label

   Plant young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 3
   2. 4
   3. 5
   4. 9
   5. 10

   Notes

   Planting of young hardy kiwi plants in spring after the last frosts.

2. Tasksupport_and_training

   Label

   Guide shoots

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 4
   2. 5

   Notes

   Tie young shoots to the support to encourage good structure.

1. Taskplanting

   Label

   Plant young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 3
   2. 4
   3. 5
   4. 9
   5. 10

   Notes

   Planting of young hardy kiwi plants in spring after the last frosts.

2. Taskwatering

   Label

   Water regularly

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 5
   2. 6
   3. 7
   4. 8

   Notes

   Ensure adequate water supply, especially during dry periods and fruit development.

3. Tasksupport_and_training

   Label

   Guide shoots

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 4
   2. 5

   Notes

   Tie young shoots to the support to encourage good structure.

1. Taskpruning

   Label

   Perform summer pruning

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 6
   2. 7

   Notes

   Shorten long shoots to promote fruit development and better light exposure.

2. Taskwatering

   Label

   Water regularly

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 5
   2. 6
   3. 7
   4. 8

   Notes

   Ensure adequate water supply, especially during dry periods and fruit development.

1. Taskpruning

   Label

   Continue summer pruning

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 6
   2. 7

   Notes

   Shorten long shoots to promote fruit development and better light exposure.

2. Taskwatering

   Label

   Water regularly

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 5
   2. 6
   3. 7
   4. 8

   Notes

   Ensure adequate water supply, especially during dry periods and fruit development.

1. Taskwatering

   Label

   Water regularly

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 5
   2. 6
   3. 7
   4. 8

   Notes

   Ensure adequate water supply, especially during dry periods and fruit development.

2. Taskharvest

   Label

   First harvest (depending on variety)

   Prioritylow

   Months

   1. 8

   Notes

   Some early varieties may ripen in August.

1. Taskharvest

   Label

   Main harvest

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 9
   2. 10

   Notes

   Most varieties ripen in September and October. Fruits are ripe when they become slightly soft.

2. Taskplanting

   Label

   Plant young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 3
   2. 4
   3. 5
   4. 9
   5. 10

   Notes

   Planting of young hardy kiwi plants in autumn.

1. Taskharvest

   Label

   Complete harvest

   Priorityhigh

   Months

   1. 9
   2. 10

   Notes

   Most varieties ripen in September and October. Fruits are ripe when they become slightly soft.

2. Taskplanting

   Label

   Plant young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 3
   2. 4
   3. 5
   4. 9
   5. 10

   Notes

   Planting of young hardy kiwi plants in autumn.

1. Taskwinter_protection

   Label

   Winter protection for young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 11
   2. 12

   Notes

   Young hardy kiwi plants can benefit from protection with mulch or fleece during severe frosts in their first few years.

1. Taskwinter_protection

   Label

   Winter protection for young plants

   Prioritymedium

   Months

   1. 11
   2. 12

   Notes

   Young hardy kiwi plants can benefit from protection with mulch or fleece during severe frosts in their first few years.

Full sun to partial shade

Sheltered

South or west-facing preferred

No special requirements, good drainage important

A warm, sheltered location is ideal for good fruit development. Avoid areas prone to late frosts.

Deep, humus-rich, well-drained

High

Good

Prefers nutrient-rich, slightly acidic to neutral soil. Waterlogging must be avoided.

Water regularly and sufficiently, especially during dry periods and fruit development. The soil should never completely dry out.

Water deeply to reach the roots. Drip irrigation or a watering ring are ideal.

A layer of mulch helps retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.

Organic complete fertilizer, compost, horn meal. Potassium-rich fertilizers promote fruit development.

Annually in spring before bud break. If necessary, a second application after flowering.

Hardy kiwis are heavy feeders and require a regular and balanced nutrient supply for good yields.

Requires a permanent location with sturdy support. Plan for ample space for growth.

1. late frost damage
2. missing pollinator cultivar
3. drought stress

Check water, site, nutrition, and pest pressure first.

1. Aphids
2. Spider mites
3. Birds

1. Fungal diseases (e.g., powdery mildew, leaf spot)
2. Root rot

1. Choose a suitable, sheltered location with well-drained soil.
2. Ensure adequate air circulation through regular and correct pruning.
3. Maintain consistent watering and avoid waterlogging.
4. Mulch the root area to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
5. Inspect plants regularly for early signs of pests or diseases.
6. Promote beneficial insects in the garden.

Observe changes in leaves, shoots, and fruits. Check the underside of leaves for pests and fungal infections. Look for stunted growth or discolorations.

1. Sluglate_frost_damage

   Severitymedium

   Conditions

   1. Late frosts in spring after bud break

   Affected parts

   1. Young shoots
   2. Flowers
   3. Fruit set

   Prevention

   1. Site selection (frost-free locations)
   2. Protect with fleece during frost risk

   Organic control

   1. Remove affected shoots
2. Slugaphids

   Severitylow

   Conditions

   1. Warm, dry conditions
   2. Young, succulent shoots

   Affected parts

   1. Young leaves
   2. Shoot tips

   Prevention

   1. Promote beneficial insects
   2. Regular inspection

   Organic control

   1. Rinse with strong water jet
   2. Neem oil
   3. Soapy water solution
3. Slugpowdery_mildew

   Severitylow

   Conditions

   1. High humidity
   2. Poor air circulation
   3. Temperature fluctuations

   Affected parts

   1. Leaves
   2. Shoots

   Prevention

   1. Adequate plant spacing
   2. Regular pruning for ventilation
   3. Resistant varieties

   Organic control

   1. Remove affected leaves
   2. Sulfur preparations
   3. Baking soda solution
4. Slugroot_rot

   Severityhigh

   Conditions

   1. Waterlogging
   2. Poor drainage
   3. Heavy soils

   Affected parts

   1. Roots
   2. Stem base
   3. Entire plant

   Prevention

   1. Site with good drainage
   2. Soil improvement with sand/compost
   3. Avoid waterlogging

   Organic control

   1. Replant (if caught early)
   2. Aerating the soil
5. Slugiron_chlorosis

   Severitymedium

   Conditions

   1. High soil pH
   2. Calcareous soils

   Affected parts

   1. Young leaves

   Prevention

   1. Check and adjust soil pH if necessary
   2. Use acidic mulching materials

   Organic control

   1. Iron chelates (organically approved)
   2. Foliar feeding with iron
6. Sluglack_of_fruit

   Severityhigh

   Conditions

   1. Missing male plant (for dioecious varieties)
   2. Poor pollination
   3. Late frost damage to flowers
   4. Incorrect pruning

   Affected parts

   1. Flowers
   2. Fruits

   Prevention

   1. Plant male and female plants (1 male per 5-8 females)
   2. Attract pollinators
   3. Late frost protection
   4. Correct fruiting wood pruning

   Organic control

   1. Manual pollination (if possible)
   2. Correct pruning

1. Symptom

   Yellow leaves with green veins, especially on young shoots

   Possible causes

   1. iron_chlorosis

   First checks

   1. Check soil pH
   2. Check soil for waterlogging
2. Symptom

   White, powdery coating on leaves and shoots

   Possible causes

   1. powdery_mildew

   First checks

   1. Check air circulation
   2. Check plant spacing
3. Symptom

   Wilting, stunted plant despite adequate watering, yellowish leaves

   Possible causes

   1. root_rot

   First checks

   1. Check soil for waterlogging
   2. Improve drainage
4. Symptom

   Curled, sticky leaves, small insects on shoot tips

   Possible causes

   1. aphids

   First checks

   1. Check underside of leaves
   2. Promote beneficial insects
5. Symptom

   Browned, shriveled young shoots and flowers after a cold spell

   Possible causes

   1. late_frost_damage

   First checks

   1. Check weather forecast
   2. Assess site for late frost risk
6. Symptom

   Plant flowers, but little to no fruit develops

   Possible causes

   1. lack_of_fruit

   First checks

   1. Check plant sex (male/female)
   2. Check pollination
   3. Check pruning technique

1. Bud break (spring)
2. Flowering (May-June)
3. Fruit set (June)
4. Fruit development (summer)
5. Fruit ripening (September-October)
6. Leaf fall (autumn)
7. Winter dormancy

Hardy kiwi is a perennial, deciduous climbing plant. Fruit ripening occurs in late summer to autumn, depending on the variety and climate.

May to June

Small, inconspicuous, usually white to cream-colored flowers, often fragrant. Male flowers have many stamens, female flowers have a distinct pistil with stigmas.

Most hardy kiwi varieties are dioecious, meaning there are separate male and female plants. For fruit production, at least one male plant is required for every 5-8 female plants. There are also some self-fertile varieties (e.g., 'Issai'), but they often benefit from an additional male plant.

Harvest time extends from September to October, depending on the variety and location. The fruits do not all ripen simultaneously, so multiple harvests over several weeks are necessary.

Several times a week over a period of 2-4 weeks, as fruits ripen progressively.

1. Fruits become soft when gently squeezed
2. Slight color change (often darker or reddish)
3. Detaching easily from the stem
4. Sweet fragrance

Hardy kiwis can either be harvested ripe from the vine or picked unripe and ripened at room temperature. Unripe fruits ripen faster when stored with apples or bananas (ethylene production).

Ripe fruits: 1-2 weeks in the refrigerator; Unripe fruits: 4-8 weeks in the refrigerator, then 3-7 days at room temperature to ripen.

Cool and humid (refrigerator) for unripe fruits. Ripe fruits should be consumed or processed quickly.

Storage life depends heavily on the ripeness at harvest. Unripe fruits can be stored significantly longer.

Cool and humid

Ripe: short (days to 1-2 weeks); Unripe: medium (weeks)

1. Freezing (whole or pureed)
2. Jam/Jelly
3. Juice
4. Drying (rare)
5. Preserving in alcohol

1. Fresh consumption
2. Jam
3. Jelly
4. Juice

1. Smoothies
2. Desserts
3. Fruit salads
4. Cake topping

The small fruits do not need to be peeled, which makes processing very easy. They can be used whole or halved.

1. Fresh as a snack
2. In fruit salads
3. As a topping for yogurt, muesli, or desserts
4. In smoothies and juices
5. For jams, jellies, and compotes
6. As an ingredient in cakes and tarts

Sweet-tart, aromatic, reminiscent of a mix of kiwi, gooseberry, and fig.

1. Yogurt and quark
2. Muesli and oatmeal
3. Vanilla ice cream and cream
4. Other berries
5. Mint
6. Honey

The fruits can be eaten with the skin. Wash thoroughly before consumption or processing.

1. Fruit

No toxic parts of the hardy kiwi are known. In sensitive individuals, mild allergic reactions may rarely occur, similar to those with common kiwi.

The fruits are excellent for raw consumption.

Extract seeds from ripe fruits, clean, and dry. Require cold stratification.

Medium to high (due to the need for cold stratification and dioecy)

Since most varieties are dioecious and cross-pollination occurs, varietal purity is not guaranteed when saving seeds, unless specific pollination control measures are taken. Germination can be irregular and protracted.

Wash seeds from ripe fruits, remove pulp, dry on paper towels. Then prepare for cold stratification.

Dry, cool, and dark in airtight containers after stratification.

Germination test recommended after cold stratification.

For true-to-type seeds, controlled pollination (e.g., hand-pollination under isolation) or sufficient spatial separation from other hardy kiwi varieties is required. Seeds need cold stratification for 2-3 months at 2-5°C to break dormancy.

1. Pergola
2. Spalier
3. T-Bar-System
4. Drahtrahmen

Hardy kiwis are very vigorous climbing plants that require a sturdy and permanent support structure. Most varieties are dioecious, meaning both male and female plants are necessary for fruit production. Fruit yield primarily occurs on 2-3 year old wood.

Hardy kiwi flowers attract bees and other pollinators. The fruits are a food source for birds and small mammals.