{
  "names": {
    "common": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl",
      "en": "pointed cabbage"
    },
    "plural": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl",
      "en": "pointed cabbages"
    },
    "botanical": "Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. acuta",
    "synonyms": {
      "de": [
        "Spitzkraut"
      ],
      "en": [
        "pointed cabbage",
        "spring cabbage"
      ]
    },
    "common_synonyms": {
      "de": [
        "Spitzkraut"
      ],
      "en": [
        "pointed cabbage",
        "spring cabbage"
      ]
    },
    "search_terms": {
      "de": [
        "Spitzkohl"
      ],
      "en": [
        "pointed cabbage",
        "spring cabbage"
      ]
    }
  },
  "taxonomy": {
    "kingdom": "Plantae",
    "clades": [
      "Tracheophyta",
      "Spermatophyta",
      "Magnoliopsida",
      "Brassicales"
    ],
    "order": "Brassicales",
    "family_botanical": "Brassicaceae",
    "family": {
      "de": "Kreuzblütler",
      "en": "Mustard family"
    },
    "family_id": "brassicaceae",
    "genus": "Brassica",
    "species": "Brassica oleracea",
    "botanical_variety": "capitata",
    "hybrid_status": "not_hybrid",
    "related_crops": [
      "Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba",
      "Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra",
      "Brassica oleracea var. sabauda"
    ]
  },
  "classification": {
    "main_group": "Vegetables",
    "sub_group": "Leafy greens",
    "crop_group": "Cabbage",
    "life_cycle": "biennial",
    "perennial": false,
    "woody": false,
    "tree": false,
    "shrub": false,
    "edible_parts": {
      "de": [
        "Kopf",
        "Blätter"
      ],
      "en": [
        "head",
        "leaves"
      ]
    },
    "nutrient_group": "Vegetable"
  },
  "calendar": {
    "sowing_indoor": {
      "months": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "earliest_month": 2,
      "latest_month": 3,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Aussaat in Anzuchtschalen bei 15–20 °C, ab Februar möglich.",
        "en": "Sow in seed trays at 15–20 °C; possible from February onward."
      }
    },
    "sowing_outdoor": {
      "months": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "earliest_month": 4,
      "latest_month": 5,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Direktsaat ab April, wenn Boden frostfrei ist.",
        "en": "Direct sow from April once soil is frost-free."
      }
    },
    "planting_out": {
      "months": [
        4,
        5,
        6
      ],
      "earliest_month": 4,
      "latest_month": 6,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Jungpflanzen ab April ins Freiland setzen, Abstand 40–50 cm.",
        "en": "Transplant from April onward, spacing 40–50 cm."
      }
    },
    "harvest": {
      "months": [
        6,
        7,
        8,
        9,
        10
      ],
      "earliest_month": 6,
      "latest_month": 10,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Ernte bei festem Kopf, je nach Sorte ab Juni bis Oktober.",
        "en": "Harvest when head is firm, depending on variety from June to October."
      }
    },
    "month_tasks": {
      "1": [
        {
          "de": "Planung der Anbaufläche",
          "en": "Plan growing area"
        }
      ],
      "2": [
        {
          "de": "Aussaat im Haus vorbereiten",
          "en": "Prepare indoor sowing"
        }
      ],
      "3": [
        {
          "de": "Vorkultur im Haus fortsetzen",
          "en": "Continue indoor pre-culture"
        }
      ],
      "4": [
        {
          "de": "Jungpflanzen abhärten",
          "en": "Harden off young plants"
        }
      ],
      "5": [
        {
          "de": "Direktsaat und Auspflanzen",
          "en": "Direct sow and transplant out"
        }
      ],
      "6": [
        {
          "de": "Regelmäßig gießen und hacken",
          "en": "Water and hoe regularly"
        }
      ],
      "7": [
        {
          "de": "Kontrollieren auf Schädlinge",
          "en": "Check for pests"
        }
      ],
      "8": [
        {
          "de": "Ernte der Frühsorten",
          "en": "Harvest early varieties"
        }
      ],
      "9": [
        {
          "de": "Ernte fortsetzen",
          "en": "Continue harvest"
        }
      ],
      "10": [
        {
          "de": "Letzte Ernte vor dem Frost",
          "en": "Final harvest before frost"
        }
      ]
    },
    "month_tasks_structured": {
      "2": [
        {
          "task": "sow_indoor",
          "label": {
            "de": "Aussaat im Haus",
            "en": "Sow indoors"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            2
          ],
          "condition": "Heizbare Anzucht möglich",
          "estimated_effort": "low",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Ab Mitte Februar in Anzuchterde säen.",
            "en": "Sow in seed compost from mid-February."
          }
        }
      ],
      "3": [
        {
          "task": "continue_indoor",
          "label": {
            "de": "Vorkultur pflegen",
            "en": "Maintain pre-culture"
          },
          "priority": "medium",
          "months": [
            3
          ],
          "condition": "Sämlinge vorhanden",
          "estimated_effort": "low",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Licht und mäßige Feuchtigkeit sicherstellen.",
            "en": "Ensure light and moderate moisture."
          }
        }
      ],
      "4": [
        {
          "task": "harden_off",
          "label": {
            "de": "Abhärten",
            "en": "Harden off"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            4
          ],
          "condition": "Pflanzen ca. 4 Wochen alt",
          "estimated_effort": "low",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Tagsüber ins Freie stellen, nachts hereinholen.",
            "en": "Place outside during day, bring in at night."
          }
        },
        {
          "task": "plant_out",
          "label": {
            "de": "Auspflanzen",
            "en": "Plant out"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            4
          ],
          "condition": "Kein Spätfrost zu erwarten",
          "estimated_effort": "medium",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Ab Mitte April, wenn der Boden nicht mehr gefriert.",
            "en": "From mid-April when soil no longer freezes."
          }
        }
      ],
      "5": [
        {
          "task": "direct_sow",
          "label": {
            "de": "Direktsaat",
            "en": "Direct sow"
          },
          "priority": "medium",
          "months": [
            5
          ],
          "condition": "Bodentemperatur über 8 °C",
          "estimated_effort": "low",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Saatgut 1–2 cm tief in Reihen legen.",
            "en": "Sow seeds 1–2 cm deep in rows."
          }
        }
      ],
      "6": [
        {
          "task": "water_and_weed",
          "label": {
            "de": "Wässern und Unkraut jäten",
            "en": "Water and weed"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            6
          ],
          "condition": "Trockenheit",
          "estimated_effort": "medium",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Gleichmäßige Feuchtigkeit für guten Kopfansatz.",
            "en": "Consistent moisture for good head formation."
          }
        }
      ],
      "7": [
        {
          "task": "pest_control",
          "label": {
            "de": "Schädlingskontrolle",
            "en": "Pest control"
          },
          "priority": "medium",
          "months": [
            7
          ],
          "condition": "Sichtbare Schädlinge",
          "estimated_effort": "low",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Auf Kohlfliege, Erdflöhe und Raupen achten.",
            "en": "Watch for cabbage root fly, flea beetles, and caterpillars."
          }
        }
      ],
      "8": [
        {
          "task": "harvest_early",
          "label": {
            "de": "Frühernte",
            "en": "Early harvest"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            8
          ],
          "condition": "Kopf fest",
          "estimated_effort": "medium",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Köpfe mit Messer knapp über dem Boden abschneiden.",
            "en": "Cut heads just above soil level with a knife."
          }
        }
      ],
      "9": [
        {
          "task": "harvest_main",
          "label": {
            "de": "Haupternte",
            "en": "Main harvest"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            9
          ],
          "condition": "Köpfe ausgereift",
          "estimated_effort": "medium",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Regelmäßig ernten, bevor Köpfe aufplatzen.",
            "en": "Harvest regularly before heads split."
          }
        }
      ],
      "10": [
        {
          "task": "final_harvest",
          "label": {
            "de": "Letzte Ernte",
            "en": "Final harvest"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            10
          ],
          "condition": "Vor erstem Frost",
          "estimated_effort": "medium",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Alle Köpfe vor starkem Frost ernten.",
            "en": "Harvest all heads before hard frost."
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "book_content": {
    "intro": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl ist eine milde, zarte Variante des Weißkohls mit kegelförmigem Kopf und feinerem Geschmack.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage is a mild, tender variety of white cabbage with a conical head and a more delicate flavor."
    },
    "planting": {
      "de": "Aussaat ab Februar im Haus oder ab April direkt ins Beet.",
      "en": "Sow indoors from February or direct sow from April."
    },
    "care": {
      "de": "Regelmäßig gießen, mulchen und auf Schädlinge kontrollieren.",
      "en": "Water regularly, mulch, and check for pests."
    },
    "harvest": {
      "de": "Ernte bei festem Kopf, je nach Sorte von Juni bis Oktober.",
      "en": "Harvest when the head is firm, from June to October depending on variety."
    },
    "storage": {
      "de": "Im Kühlschrank etwa 1–2 Wochen haltbar.",
      "en": "Keeps in the refrigerator for about 1–2 weeks."
    },
    "kitchen": {
      "de": "Roh für Salate, gedünstet, gefüllt oder als Krautwickel.",
      "en": "Raw for salads, steamed, stuffed, or as cabbage rolls."
    }
  },
  "structured_month_tasks": {
    "2": [
      {
        "task": "sow_indoor",
        "label": {
          "de": "Aussaat im Haus",
          "en": "Sow indoors"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          2
        ],
        "condition": "Heizbare Anzucht möglich",
        "estimated_effort": "low",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Ab Mitte Februar in Anzuchterde säen.",
          "en": "Sow in seed compost from mid-February."
        }
      }
    ],
    "3": [
      {
        "task": "continue_indoor",
        "label": {
          "de": "Vorkultur pflegen",
          "en": "Maintain pre-culture"
        },
        "priority": "medium",
        "months": [
          3
        ],
        "condition": "Sämlinge vorhanden",
        "estimated_effort": "low",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Licht und mäßige Feuchtigkeit sicherstellen.",
          "en": "Ensure light and moderate moisture."
        }
      }
    ],
    "4": [
      {
        "task": "harden_off",
        "label": {
          "de": "Abhärten",
          "en": "Harden off"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          4
        ],
        "condition": "Pflanzen ca. 4 Wochen alt",
        "estimated_effort": "low",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Tagsüber ins Freie stellen, nachts hereinholen.",
          "en": "Place outside during day, bring in at night."
        }
      },
      {
        "task": "plant_out",
        "label": {
          "de": "Auspflanzen",
          "en": "Plant out"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          4
        ],
        "condition": "Kein Spätfrost zu erwarten",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Ab Mitte April, wenn der Boden nicht mehr gefriert.",
          "en": "From mid-April when soil no longer freezes."
        }
      }
    ],
    "5": [
      {
        "task": "direct_sow",
        "label": {
          "de": "Direktsaat",
          "en": "Direct sow"
        },
        "priority": "medium",
        "months": [
          5
        ],
        "condition": "Bodentemperatur über 8 °C",
        "estimated_effort": "low",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Saatgut 1–2 cm tief in Reihen legen.",
          "en": "Sow seeds 1–2 cm deep in rows."
        }
      }
    ],
    "6": [
      {
        "task": "water_and_weed",
        "label": {
          "de": "Wässern und Unkraut jäten",
          "en": "Water and weed"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          6
        ],
        "condition": "Trockenheit",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Gleichmäßige Feuchtigkeit für guten Kopfansatz.",
          "en": "Consistent moisture for good head formation."
        }
      }
    ],
    "7": [
      {
        "task": "pest_control",
        "label": {
          "de": "Schädlingskontrolle",
          "en": "Pest control"
        },
        "priority": "medium",
        "months": [
          7
        ],
        "condition": "Sichtbare Schädlinge",
        "estimated_effort": "low",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Auf Kohlfliege, Erdflöhe und Raupen achten.",
          "en": "Watch for cabbage root fly, flea beetles, and caterpillars."
        }
      }
    ],
    "8": [
      {
        "task": "harvest_early",
        "label": {
          "de": "Frühernte",
          "en": "Early harvest"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          8
        ],
        "condition": "Kopf fest",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Köpfe mit Messer knapp über dem Boden abschneiden.",
          "en": "Cut heads just above soil level with a knife."
        }
      }
    ],
    "9": [
      {
        "task": "harvest_main",
        "label": {
          "de": "Haupternte",
          "en": "Main harvest"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          9
        ],
        "condition": "Köpfe ausgereift",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Regelmäßig ernten, bevor Köpfe aufplatzen.",
          "en": "Harvest regularly before heads split."
        }
      }
    ],
    "10": [
      {
        "task": "final_harvest",
        "label": {
          "de": "Letzte Ernte",
          "en": "Final harvest"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          10
        ],
        "condition": "Vor erstem Frost",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Alle Köpfe vor starkem Frost ernten.",
          "en": "Harvest all heads before hard frost."
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "cultivation_specs": {
    "seed": {
      "seed_depth_cm_min": 1,
      "seed_depth_cm_max": 2,
      "light_germinator": false,
      "dark_germinator": false,
      "cold_germinator": false,
      "stratification_needed": false,
      "pre_soaking_recommended": false,
      "germination_temp_c_min": 10,
      "germination_temp_c_max": 25,
      "germination_days_min": 5,
      "germination_days_max": 14,
      "seed_lifespan_years_min": 4,
      "seed_lifespan_years_max": 5,
      "direct_sowing_possible": true,
      "pre_culture_recommended": true
    },
    "spacing": {
      "plant_spacing_cm_min": 40,
      "plant_spacing_cm_max": 50,
      "row_spacing_cm_min": 50,
      "row_spacing_cm_max": 60,
      "recommended_density_per_sqm_min": 3,
      "recommended_density_per_sqm_max": 5,
      "thinning_distance_cm": 20,
      "min_bed_width_cm": 80,
      "square_foot_gardening_spacing": "1 plant per square",
      "spacing_notes": {
        "de": "Größere Abstände fördern kompakte Köpfe.",
        "en": "Greater spacing encourages compact heads."
      }
    },
    "growth_dimensions": {
      "height_cm_min": 20,
      "height_cm_max": 40,
      "width_cm_min": 30,
      "width_cm_max": 50,
      "root_depth_cm_min": 20,
      "root_depth_cm_max": 40,
      "root_spread_cm_min": 30,
      "root_spread_cm_max": 50,
      "growth_speed": "fast",
      "final_size_notes": {
        "de": "Köpfe erreichen 500–1000 g Gewicht.",
        "en": "Heads reach 500–1000 g weight."
      }
    },
    "temperature": {
      "min_growing_temp_c": 5,
      "optimal_temp_c_min": 15,
      "optimal_temp_c_max": 20,
      "max_heat_tolerance_c": 30,
      "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_min": 8,
      "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_optimal": 15,
      "frost_sensitive": false,
      "late_frost_sensitive": true,
      "heat_tolerance": "medium",
      "cold_tolerance": "high",
      "temperature_notes": {
        "de": "Verträgt leichten Frost, aber späte Fröste schädigen Jungpflanzen.",
        "en": "Tolerates light frost, but late frosts damage young plants."
      }
    },
    "water": {
      "water_need": "high",
      "critical_water_phases": {
        "de": [
          "Kopfansatz",
          "Kopfwachstum"
        ],
        "en": [
          "head initiation",
          "head growth"
        ]
      },
      "drought_tolerant": false,
      "drought_sensitivity": "high",
      "waterlogging_sensitive": true,
      "mulching_recommended": true,
      "water_notes": {
        "de": "Gleichmäßige Wasserversorgung ist entscheidend, sonst platzen die Köpfe.",
        "en": "Consistent watering is crucial, otherwise heads may split."
      }
    },
    "nutrition": {
      "nutrient_group": "heavy_feeder",
      "heavy_feeder": true,
      "medium_feeder": false,
      "light_feeder": false,
      "nitrogen_need": "high",
      "phosphorus_need": "medium",
      "potassium_need": "high",
      "calcium_need": "medium",
      "magnesium_need": "medium",
      "compost_recommended": true,
      "mulching_recommended": true,
      "fertilizer_sensitivity": "low",
      "nutrition_notes": {
        "de": "Vor dem Pflanzen gut verrotteten Kompost einarbeiten.",
        "en": "Work well-rotted compost into the soil before planting."
      }
    },
    "container": {
      "container_suitable": false,
      "drainage_required": true,
      "repotting_needed": false,
      "container_notes": {
        "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Kübel nicht geeignet, benötigt viel Platz.",
        "en": "Pointed cabbage is unsuitable for containers; needs ample space."
      }
    },
    "support": {
      "needs_support": false,
      "support_recommended": false,
      "climbing": false,
      "vining": false,
      "trellis_recommended": false,
      "training_required": false,
      "support_notes": {
        "de": "Keine Stütze notwendig.",
        "en": "No support required."
      }
    },
    "cultivation_modes": {
      "outdoor_bed_suitable": true,
      "raised_bed_suitable": true,
      "container_suitable": false,
      "balcony_suitable": false,
      "greenhouse_suitable": false,
      "polytunnel_suitable": false,
      "indoor_suitable": false,
      "windowsill_suitable": false,
      "hydroponic_possible": false,
      "permaculture_suitable": false,
      "no_dig_suitable": true
    },
    "yield_density": {
      "yield_per_plant_min": 0.5,
      "yield_per_plant_max": 1,
      "yield_unit": "kg",
      "yield_per_sqm_min": 1.5,
      "yield_per_sqm_max": 5,
      "yield_reliability": "high",
      "yield_notes": {
        "de": "Ertrag variiert je nach Sorte und Pflege.",
        "en": "Yield varies by variety and care."
      }
    }
  },
  "site": {
    "de": "Sonniger bis halbschattiger Standort, windgeschützt.",
    "en": "Sunny to partially shaded location, sheltered from wind."
  },
  "soil": {
    "de": "Tiefgründiger, humoser, lehmiger Boden mit gutem Wasserhaltevermögen, pH 6,5–7,5.",
    "en": "Deep, humus-rich, loamy soil with good water retention, pH 6.5–7.5."
  },
  "watering": {
    "de": "Regelmäßig und gleichmäßig gießen, besonders während des Kopfwachstums. Staunässe vermeiden.",
    "en": "Water regularly and evenly, especially during head growth. Avoid waterlogging."
  },
  "nutrition": {
    "de": "Starkzehrer; vor der Pflanzung Kompost oder gut verrotteten Mist einarbeiten. Nachdüngung mit Hornspänen oder organischem Gemüsedünger möglich.",
    "en": "Heavy feeder; incorporate compost or well-rotted manure before planting. Side-dress with horn meal or organic vegetable fertilizer."
  },
  "cultivation_planning": {
    "succession_sowing": {
      "possible": true,
      "interval_days_min": 14,
      "interval_days_max": 21
    },
    "bed_planning_notes": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl kann im Frühbeet oder im Freiland angebaut werden. Für eine kontinuierliche Ernte alle zwei bis drei Wochen nachsäen.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage can be grown in a cold frame or open field. For continuous harvest, sow every two to three weeks."
    },
    "rotation_priority": "high",
    "interplanting_potential": "low",
    "mechanization_relevance": "medium"
  },
  "crop_rotation": {
    "rotation_group": "brassicas",
    "rotation_interval_years": 4,
    "good_predecessors": {
      "de": [
        "Erbsen",
        "Bohnen",
        "Möhren",
        "Sellerie",
        "Zwiebeln",
        "Porree",
        "Spinat"
      ],
      "en": [
        "peas",
        "beans",
        "carrots",
        "celery",
        "onions",
        "leeks",
        "spinach"
      ]
    },
    "bad_predecessors": {
      "de": [
        "Andere Kohlarten",
        "Radieschen",
        "Rettich",
        "Kresse",
        "Rübsen",
        "Ölrettich"
      ],
      "en": [
        "other cabbage types",
        "radishes",
        "garden radish",
        "cress",
        "rapeseed",
        "oilseed radish"
      ]
    },
    "good_successors": {
      "de": [
        "Bohnen",
        "Erbsen",
        "Lauch",
        "Möhren",
        "Kartoffeln",
        "Tomaten"
      ],
      "en": [
        "beans",
        "peas",
        "leeks",
        "carrots",
        "potatoes",
        "tomatoes"
      ]
    },
    "bad_successors": {
      "de": [
        "Alle Kohlgewächse",
        "Rhabarber",
        "Kohlrabi"
      ],
      "en": [
        "all brassicas",
        "rhubarb",
        "kohlrabi"
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Eine mindestens vierjährige Anbaupause bei Kohlgewächsen beugt Kohlhernie und anderen bodenbürtigen Krankheiten vor. Spitzkohl als Starkzehrer hinterlässt einen gut versorgten Boden, der für Folgekulturen mit geringerem Nährstoffbedarf nachgedüngt werden sollte.",
      "en": "A minimum four-year break from brassicas prevents clubroot and other soilborne diseases. As a heavy feeder, pointed cabbage leaves a well-supplied soil that should be supplemented for subsequent lower-demand crops."
    }
  },
  "companion_planting": {
    "approach": "mixed_cropping",
    "good_neighbors": [
      {
        "slug": "erbsen",
        "name": {
          "de": "Erbsen",
          "en": "peas"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Erbsen reichern den Boden mit Stickstoff an und konkurrieren nicht um denselben Wuchsraum.",
          "en": "Peas fix nitrogen in the soil and do not compete for the same growth space."
        },
        "relationship_type": "beneficial"
      },
      {
        "slug": "moehren",
        "name": {
          "de": "Möhren",
          "en": "carrots"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Möhren lockern den Boden und vertragen sich gut mit Kohl.",
          "en": "Carrots loosen the soil and are good companions for cabbage."
        },
        "relationship_type": "beneficial"
      },
      {
        "slug": "salate",
        "name": {
          "de": "Salate",
          "en": "lettuces"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Salate nutzen den Zwischenraum und beschatten den Boden.",
          "en": "Lettuces use inter-row space and shade the soil."
        },
        "relationship_type": "neutral"
      },
      {
        "slug": "zwiebeln",
        "name": {
          "de": "Zwiebeln",
          "en": "onions"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Zwiebeln können Schädlinge wie die Kohlfliege durch ihren Geruch verwirren.",
          "en": "Onions may confuse pests such as the cabbage root fly by their smell."
        },
        "relationship_type": "beneficial"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dill",
        "name": {
          "de": "Dill",
          "en": "dill"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Dill lockt Nützlinge an und verbessert das Mikroklima.",
          "en": "Dill attracts beneficial insects and improves microclimate."
        },
        "relationship_type": "beneficial"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kapuzinerkresse",
        "name": {
          "de": "Kapuzinerkresse",
          "en": "nasturtium"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Kapuzinerkresse wirkt als Fallpflanze für Blattläuse und schreckt Kohlweißlinge ab.",
          "en": "Nasturtium acts as a trap plant for aphids and repels cabbage white butterflies."
        },
        "relationship_type": "beneficial"
      }
    ],
    "bad_neighbors": [
      {
        "slug": "andere_kohlarten",
        "name": {
          "de": "Andere Kohlarten",
          "en": "other cabbage types"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Ziehen dieselben Schädlinge und Krankheiten an, fördern Monokultur.",
          "en": "Attract the same pests and diseases, promote monoculture."
        },
        "relationship_type": "antagonistic"
      },
      {
        "slug": "erdbeeren",
        "name": {
          "de": "Erdbeeren",
          "en": "strawberries"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Erdbeeren sind anfällig für Kohlkrankheiten und konkurrieren um Nährstoffe.",
          "en": "Strawberries are susceptible to cabbage diseases and compete for nutrients."
        },
        "relationship_type": "antagonistic"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fenchel",
        "name": {
          "de": "Fenchel",
          "en": "fennel"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Fenchel hemmt das Wachstum von Kohl durch allelopathische Substanzen.",
          "en": "Fennel inhibits cabbage growth through allelopathic substances."
        },
        "relationship_type": "antagonistic"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tomaten",
        "name": {
          "de": "Tomaten",
          "en": "tomatoes"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Tomaten benötigen andere Bodenverhältnisse und konkurrieren um Nährstoffe.",
          "en": "Tomatoes require different soil conditions and compete for nutrients."
        },
        "relationship_type": "antagonistic"
      }
    ],
    "neutral_neighbors": [
      {
        "slug": "bohnen",
        "name": {
          "de": "Bohnen",
          "en": "beans"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Bohnen vertragen sich mit Kohl, können aber zu dicht stehen.",
          "en": "Beans are compatible with cabbage but may become too dense."
        },
        "relationship_type": "neutral"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mangold",
        "name": {
          "de": "Mangold",
          "en": "swiss chard"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Mangold wächst oberirdisch und konkurriert nur wenig.",
          "en": "Swiss chard grows above ground and competes little."
        },
        "relationship_type": "neutral"
      }
    ],
    "design_rules": {
      "de": [
        "Pflanzabstand 40–50 cm in der Reihe und 50–60 cm zwischen den Reihen einhalten.",
        "Eine Mischkultur mit niedrigen Pflanzen wie Salat oder Möhren in den Zwischenräumen ist möglich.",
        "Windgeschützte Lage bevorzugen, da die großen Blätter windanfällig sind."
      ],
      "en": [
        "Maintain 40–50 cm in-row spacing and 50–60 cm between rows.",
        "Intercropping with low plants such as lettuce or carrots in between is possible.",
        "Prefer a sheltered location, as the large leaves are susceptible to wind."
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Gute Nachbarn für Spitzkohl sind Erbsen, Möhren, Salate und Kapuzinerkresse. Schlechte Nachbarn sind andere Kohlarten und Fenchel.",
      "en": "Good neighbors for pointed cabbage are peas, carrots, lettuce, and nasturtium. Bad neighbors are other cabbage types and fennel."
    }
  },
  "deficiencies": [
    {
      "slug": "stickstoffmangel",
      "name": {
        "de": "Stickstoffmangel",
        "en": "nitrogen deficiency"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Hellgrüne bis gelbe Blätter",
          "Kümmerwuchs",
          "kleine Köpfe"
        ],
        "en": [
          "pale green to yellow leaves",
          "stunted growth",
          "small heads"
        ]
      },
      "treatment": {
        "de": [
          "Hornspäne einarbeiten",
          "Brennnesseljauche gießen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "work in horn meal",
          "water with nettle tea"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "bor_mangel",
      "name": {
        "de": "Bormangel",
        "en": "boron deficiency"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Hohle Stängel",
          "glockenförmige Köpfe",
          "rissige Köpfe"
        ],
        "en": [
          "hollow stems",
          "bell-shaped heads",
          "cracked heads"
        ]
      },
      "treatment": {
        "de": [
          "Borsäure (0,2%) sprühen",
          "Kompost mit Bor ausbringen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "spray with boric acid (0.2%)",
          "apply compost containing boron"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "kalkmangel",
      "name": {
        "de": "Kalkmangel",
        "en": "calcium deficiency"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Blattrandnekrosen",
          "Kopfvertiefungen",
          "Randwelke"
        ],
        "en": [
          "leaf margin necrosis",
          "head depressions",
          "marginal wilt"
        ]
      },
      "treatment": {
        "de": [
          "Kalk oder Calciumnitrat ausbringen",
          "pH prüfen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "apply lime or calcium nitrate",
          "check pH"
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "problems": [
    {
      "slug": "kopf_platzt",
      "name": {
        "de": "Kopf platzt auf",
        "en": "head splitting"
      },
      "cause": {
        "de": "Ungleichmäßige Wasserversorgung nach Trockenheit",
        "en": "Uneven watering after drought"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Risse im Kopf",
          "glockenförmige Köpfe",
          "Verlust der Marktfähigkeit"
        ],
        "en": [
          "cracks in head",
          "bell-shaped heads",
          "loss of marketability"
        ]
      },
      "prevention": {
        "de": [
          "Gleichmäßig gießen",
          "Mulchen",
          "Nicht zu dicht pflanzen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "water consistently",
          "mulch",
          "do not plant too densely"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "kohlhernie_massiv",
      "name": {
        "de": "Kohlhernie",
        "en": "clubroot outbreak"
      },
      "cause": {
        "de": "Bodenpilz Plasmodiophora brassicae, feuchter Boden, kurze Fruchtfolge",
        "en": "Soil fungus Plasmodiophora brassicae, moist soil, short rotation"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Verdickte Wurzeln",
          "Welke",
          "Absterben"
        ],
        "en": [
          "swollen roots",
          "wilting",
          "death"
        ]
      },
      "prevention": {
        "de": [
          "Kalkung auf pH > 7,0",
          "Fruchtfolge > 4 Jahre",
          "Resistente Sorten"
        ],
        "en": [
          "lime to pH > 7.0",
          "rotation > 4 years",
          "resistant varieties"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "mangelndes_wachstum",
      "name": {
        "de": "Mangelndes Wachstum",
        "en": "poor growth"
      },
      "cause": {
        "de": "Nährstoffmangel, zu niedrige Temperaturen, Trockenheit, Staunässe",
        "en": "Nutrient deficiency, too low temperatures, drought, waterlogging"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Kleine Blätter",
          "kein Kopfansatz",
          "Gelbverfärbung",
          "Kümmerwuchs"
        ],
        "en": [
          "small leaves",
          "no head formation",
          "yellowing",
          "stunting"
        ]
      },
      "prevention": {
        "de": [
          "Bodenanalyse",
          "Gleichmäßige Wasserversorgung",
          "Ausreichend Kompost einarbeiten"
        ],
        "en": [
          "soil test",
          "consistent watering",
          "incorporate sufficient compost"
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "problem_management": {
    "common_pest_groups": {
      "de": [
        "Kohlfliegen",
        "Erdflöhe",
        "Kohlweißlingsraupen",
        "Blattläuse"
      ],
      "en": [
        "cabbage root flies",
        "flea beetles",
        "cabbage white caterpillars",
        "aphids"
      ]
    },
    "common_disease_groups": {
      "de": [
        "Kohlhernie",
        "Falscher Mehltau",
        "Ringfleckenkrankheit",
        "Schwarze Aderfäule"
      ],
      "en": [
        "clubroot",
        "downy mildew",
        "ring spot",
        "black rot"
      ]
    },
    "prevention_principles": {
      "de": [
        "Fruchtfolge einhalten (mind. 4–5 Jahre Pause bei Brassica)",
        "Gesundes, zertifiziertes Saatgut verwenden",
        "Kulturschutznetz gegen Kohlfliege und Erdflöhe aufspannen",
        "Pflanzenabstand einhalten (40–50 cm) für gute Luftzirkulation",
        "Boden gleichmäßig feucht halten, Staunässe vermeiden",
        "Mischkultur mit Zwiebeln, Kapuzinerkresse oder Ringelblumen fördern"
      ],
      "en": [
        "maintain crop rotation (at least 4–5 years break from brassicas)",
        "use healthy, certified seed",
        "erect fine mesh netting against cabbage root fly and flea beetles",
        "maintain plant spacing (40–50 cm) for good air circulation",
        "keep soil evenly moist, avoid waterlogging",
        "promote intercropping with onions, nasturtiums, or marigolds"
      ]
    },
    "diagnosis_notes": {
      "de": "Bei Verdacht auf Kohlhernie Wurzeln kontrollieren. Welke an heißen Tagen deutet oft auf Wurzelschäden hin. Blattläuse erkennt man an eingerollten Blättern und klebrigem Honigtau. Raupen des Kohlweißlings sind ab Mai an den Blättern sichtbar.",
      "en": "Check roots if clubroot is suspected. Wilting on hot days often indicates root damage. Aphids are recognized by curled leaves and sticky honeydew. Cabbage white caterpillars are visible on leaves from May."
    }
  },
  "disease_graph": {
    "scope": "brassica_specific",
    "profiles": [
      {
        "slug": "kohlhernie",
        "severity": "high",
        "conditions": {
          "de": [
            "Nasser Boden",
            "pH unter 6,5",
            "kurze Fruchtfolge",
            "keine Kalkung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "wet soil",
            "pH below 6.5",
            "short rotation",
            "no liming"
          ]
        },
        "affected_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Wurzeln"
          ],
          "en": [
            "roots"
          ]
        },
        "prevention": {
          "de": [
            "Kalkung auf pH > 7,0",
            "Fruchtfolge > 4 Jahre",
            "Resistente Sorten anbauen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "lime to pH above 7.0",
            "rotation > 4 years",
            "grow resistant varieties"
          ]
        },
        "organic_control": {
          "de": [
            "Keine direkte organische Bekämpfung bekannt",
            "Bodenverbesserung durch Kompost und Kalk",
            "Begrünte Brachen mit resistenten Pflanzen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "no direct organic control known",
            "soil improvement through compost and lime",
            "green fallow with resistant plants"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "slug": "falscher_mehltau",
        "severity": "medium",
        "conditions": {
          "de": [
            "Hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit",
            "enge Pflanzung",
            "feuchtwarme Witterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "high humidity",
            "dense planting",
            "moist warm weather"
          ]
        },
        "affected_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "prevention": {
          "de": [
            "Weite Pflanzabstände",
            "Luftzirkulation fördern",
            "Kupferspritzungen vorbeugend"
          ],
          "en": [
            "wide spacing",
            "promote air circulation",
            "preventive copper sprays"
          ]
        },
        "organic_control": {
          "de": [
            "Kupferpräparate (zugelassen im Öko-Landbau)",
            "Schachtelhalmbrühe als Stärkungsmittel"
          ],
          "en": [
            "copper-based products (allowed in organic farming)",
            "horsetail tea as a tonic"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "slug": "ringfleckenkrankheit",
        "severity": "medium",
        "conditions": {
          "de": [
            "Feuchte Herbste",
            "ältere Blätter",
            "schlechte Luftzirkulation"
          ],
          "en": [
            "moist autumns",
            "older leaves",
            "poor air circulation"
          ]
        },
        "affected_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "prevention": {
          "de": [
            "Krankes Laub entfernen",
            "Pflanzabstand einhalten",
            "Fruchtfolge"
          ],
          "en": [
            "remove diseased leaves",
            "maintain spacing",
            "rotation"
          ]
        },
        "organic_control": {
          "de": [
            "Kupferpräparate",
            "Stärkungsmittel (Brennnesseljauche)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "copper products",
            "tonics (nettle tea)"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "slug": "schwarze_aderfaeule",
        "severity": "high",
        "conditions": {
          "de": [
            "Warme, feuchte Witterung",
            "infiziertes Saatgut",
            "Verletzungen an Pflanzen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "warm, wet weather",
            "infected seed",
            "plant wounds"
          ]
        },
        "affected_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Blätter",
            "Kopf",
            "Leitbündel"
          ],
          "en": [
            "leaves",
            "head",
            "vascular bundles"
          ]
        },
        "prevention": {
          "de": [
            "Zertifiziertes Saatgut verwenden",
            "Fruchtfolge > 3 Jahre",
            "Keine Überkopfbewässerung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "use certified seed",
            "rotation > 3 years",
            "no overhead watering"
          ]
        },
        "organic_control": {
          "de": [
            "Keine direkte Bekämpfung",
            "Befallene Pflanzen entfernen",
            "Kupferpräparate vorbeugend"
          ],
          "en": [
            "no direct control",
            "remove infected plants",
            "preventive copper sprays"
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "diagnostic_rules": [
      {
        "symptom": {
          "de": "Welke an heißen Tagen, obwohl der Boden feucht ist",
          "en": "wilting on hot days despite moist soil"
        },
        "possible_causes": [
          "kohlhernie",
          "kohlfliege_larven"
        ],
        "first_checks": {
          "de": [
            "Wurzeln ausgraben und auf Verdickungen prüfen",
            "Erde auf Larven der Kohlfliege untersuchen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "dig up roots and check for swellings",
            "examine soil for cabbage root fly larvae"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "symptom": {
          "de": "Löcher in den Blättern, besonders bei jungen Pflanzen",
          "en": "shot-holes in leaves, especially on young plants"
        },
        "possible_causes": [
          "erdfloehe"
        ],
        "first_checks": {
          "de": [
            "Unterseite der Blätter auf kleine schwarze Käfer prüfen",
            "Bodenfeuchte überprüfen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "check undersides of leaves for small black beetles",
            "check soil moisture"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "symptom": {
          "de": "Gelbe V-förmige Flecken an den Blatträndern",
          "en": "yellow V-shaped spots at leaf margins"
        },
        "possible_causes": [
          "schwarze_aderfaeule"
        ],
        "first_checks": {
          "de": [
            "Blattadern auf Schwärzung prüfen",
            "Kopf auf Fäulnis kontrollieren"
          ],
          "en": [
            "check veins for blackening",
            "inspect head for rot"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "symptom": {
          "de": "Kopf platzt auf",
          "en": "head splitting"
        },
        "possible_causes": [
          "ungleichmaessige_wasserversorgung",
          "bor_mangel"
        ],
        "first_checks": {
          "de": [
            "Wasserversorgung prüfen",
            "Boden auf Bor untersuchen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "check watering consistency",
            "test soil for boron"
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "prevention_strategy": {
      "cultural": {
        "de": [
          "Fruchtfolge mit mindestens 4 Jahren ohne Brassica",
          "Kalkung auf pH 6,8–7,5",
          "Kompost oder gut verrotteten Mist einarbeiten",
          "Pflanzabstand 40–50 cm einhalten",
          "Mulchen für gleichmäßige Bodenfeuchte"
        ],
        "en": [
          "crop rotation with at least 4 years without brassicas",
          "lime to pH 6.8–7.5",
          "incorporate compost or well-rotted manure",
          "maintain plant spacing 40–50 cm",
          "mulch for even soil moisture"
        ]
      },
      "monitoring": {
        "de": [
          "Wöchentliche Kontrolle auf Schädlinge ab Mai",
          "Boden auf Kohlfliegenlarven untersuchen",
          "Blattunterseiten auf Blattläuse und Mehltau prüfen",
          "Kopfentwicklung beobachten"
        ],
        "en": [
          "weekly pest checks from May",
          "inspect soil for cabbage root fly larvae",
          "check leaf undersides for aphids and mildew",
          "monitor head development"
        ]
      },
      "organic_first_response": {
        "de": [
          "Bei Blattläusen: Kaliseife oder Neemöl sprühen",
          "Bei Erdflöhen: Gesteinsmehl auf die Blätter stäuben",
          "Bei Raupenbefall: Bacillus thuringiensis anwenden",
          "Bei Kohlfliege: Nematoden (Steinernema feltiae) ausbringen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "for aphids: spray with soft soap or neem oil",
          "for flea beetles: dust leaves with rock flour",
          "for caterpillar infestation: apply Bacillus thuringiensis",
          "for cabbage root fly: apply nematodes (Steinernema feltiae)"
        ]
      },
      "notes": {
        "de": "Regelmäßige Kontrolle ist der Schlüssel. Bei frühzeitiger Erkennung können die meisten Probleme mit organischen Methoden behandelt werden. Bei schwerem Befall (z. B. Kohlhernie) ist die Fruchtfolge die wichtigste Maßnahme.",
        "en": "Regular monitoring is key. With early detection, most problems can be treated with organic methods. For severe outbreaks (e.g., clubroot), crop rotation is the most important measure."
      }
    }
  },
  "diagnosis": {
    "quick_identifiers": {
      "de": {
        "welke_bei_feuchtem_boden": "Kohlhernie oder Kohlfliegenlarven",
        "loecher_in_jungen_blaettern": "Erdflöhe",
        "gelbe_v_flecken": "Schwarze Aderfäule",
        "grauer_rasen_unter_blatt": "Falscher Mehltau",
        "eingerollte_blaetter_klebrig": "Blattläuse",
        "raupen_an_blaettern": "Kohlweißling",
        "kopf_platzt": "Ungleichmäßige Wasserversorgung oder Bormangel"
      },
      "en": {
        "wilting_on_moist_soil": "clubroot or cabbage root fly larvae",
        "shot_holes_in_young_leaves": "flea beetles",
        "yellow_v_shaped_spots": "black rot",
        "gray_mildew_under_leaf": "downy mildew",
        "curled_sticky_leaves": "aphids",
        "caterpillars_on_leaves": "cabbage white butterfly",
        "head_splitting": "uneven watering or boron deficiency"
      }
    },
    "general_advice": {
      "de": "Beobachten Sie Ihre Pflanzen regelmäßig, besonders im Mai und Juni. Gesunde Pflanzen sind widerstandsfähiger. Bei ersten Anzeichen von Schädlingen oder Krankheiten sofort handeln. Vorbeugung durch Fruchtfolge und Standortwahl ist der wirksamste Schutz.",
      "en": "Monitor your plants regularly, especially in May and June. Healthy plants are more resilient. Act immediately at the first signs of pests or disease. Prevention through crop rotation and site selection is the most effective protection."
    }
  },
  "phenology": {
    "stages": {
      "de": [
        "Keimung",
        "Jungpflanze",
        "Kopfansatz",
        "Kopfwachstum",
        "Erntereihe"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Germination",
        "Young plant",
        "Head initiation",
        "Head growth",
        "Harvest maturity"
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl ist eine zweijährige Pflanze, wird aber meist im ersten Jahr geerntet. Der Kopfansatz erfolgt etwa 6–8 Wochen nach dem Pflanzen.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage is a biennial plant but is usually harvested in its first year. Head initiation occurs about 6–8 weeks after transplanting."
    }
  },
  "flowering_pollination": {
    "de": "Spitzkohl blüht erst im zweiten Jahr nach Überwinterung. Die Blütezeit liegt zwischen Mai und Juli.",
    "en": "Pointed cabbage flowers only in the second year after overwintering. The flowering period is between May and July."
  },
  "pollination": {
    "summary": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl wird hauptsächlich durch Insekten (Bienen, Hummeln) bestäubt. Die Pflanze ist auf Fremdbestäubung angewiesen.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage is primarily insect-pollinated (bees, bumblebees). The plant relies on cross-pollination."
    },
    "pollinator_required": true,
    "self_fertility": "low",
    "pollinator_notes": {
      "de": "Da Spitzkohl fremdbestäubend ist, sollte für die Saatgutgewinnung ein Mindestabstand von 500 m zu anderen blühenden Kohlarten eingehalten werden.",
      "en": "Because pointed cabbage is cross-pollinating, a minimum distance of 500 m from other flowering brassicas should be maintained for seed production."
    }
  },
  "harvest": {
    "de": "Ernte erfolgt, sobald der Kopf fest und gut ausgebildet ist. Frühsorten ab Juni, spätere bis Oktober.",
    "en": "Harvest when the head is firm and well-formed. Early varieties from June, later ones through October."
  },
  "harvest_details": {
    "harvest_frequency": {
      "de": "Einmalig pro Pflanze",
      "en": "Once per plant"
    },
    "harvest_indicators": {
      "de": [
        "Kopf fest und geschlossen",
        "Kopf hat die typische konische Form",
        "Äußere Blätter beginnen sich leicht zu öffnen"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Head firm and closed",
        "Head has the typical conical shape",
        "Outer leaves begin to open slightly"
      ]
    },
    "post_harvest_handling": {
      "de": "Den Kopf knapp über dem Boden mit einem scharfen Messer abschneiden. Äußere lose Blätter entfernen. Kopf kühl und feucht lagern.",
      "en": "Cut the head just above the soil with a sharp knife. Remove outer loose leaves. Store the head cool and moist."
    }
  },
  "storage": {
    "de": "Spitzkohl ist nur kurz lagerfähig. Im Kühlschrank hält er sich etwa 1–2 Wochen.",
    "en": "Pointed cabbage has a short storage life. It keeps in the refrigerator for about 1–2 weeks."
  },
  "storage_details": {
    "general_storage_category": {
      "de": "Kurzzeitlagerung",
      "en": "Short-term storage"
    },
    "storage_life": {
      "de": "1–2 Wochen im Kühlschrank",
      "en": "1–2 weeks in the refrigerator"
    },
    "processing_options": {
      "de": [
        "Einwecken",
        "Fermentieren (Sauerkraut)",
        "Einfrieren (blanchiert)"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Canning",
        "Fermenting (sauerkraut)",
        "Freezing (blanched)"
      ]
    }
  },
  "processing_use": {
    "de": "Spitzkohl eignet sich besonders gut für die Verarbeitung zu Sauerkraut, kann aber auch eingeweckt oder blanchiert eingefroren werden.",
    "en": "Pointed cabbage is especially suitable for making sauerkraut, but can also be canned or blanched and frozen."
  },
  "kitchen_usage": {
    "de": "Spitzkohl hat einen milden, feinen Geschmack und ist zarter als Weißkohl. Er eignet sich roh für Salate, gedünstet als Gemüsebeilage, gefüllt oder als Krautwickel. Auch für Suppen und Eintöpfe.",
    "en": "Pointed cabbage has a mild, delicate flavor and is more tender than white cabbage. It is suitable raw for salads, steamed as a side dish, stuffed, or as cabbage rolls. Also for soups and stews."
  },
  "safety_and_edibility": {
    "edible_parts": {
      "de": [
        "Kopf",
        "Blätter"
      ],
      "en": [
        "head",
        "leaves"
      ]
    },
    "inedible_or_caution_parts": {
      "de": [
        "Strunk (sehr faserig, nicht roh essbar)",
        "Äußere welke Blätter"
      ],
      "en": [
        "core (very fibrous, not edible raw)",
        "outer wilted leaves"
      ]
    },
    "toxicity_notes": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl enthält wie andere Kohlarten geringe Mengen an Senfölen, die in großen Mengen blähend wirken können. Ansonsten unbedenklich.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage, like other cabbage types, contains small amounts of mustard oils which can cause flatulence in large quantities. Otherwise harmless."
    },
    "raw_consumption": {
      "de": "Ja, fein gehobelt oder als Salat. Vor dem Verzehr waschen und den Strunk entfernen.",
      "en": "Yes, finely shredded or as a salad. Wash and remove the core before eating."
    }
  },
  "animal_safety": {
    "schema_version": "1.0",
    "last_reviewed": "2026-06-02",
    "summary": {
      "de": "Die Datenlage ist je nach Tierart unterschiedlich; unbekannte Einträge sollten vor Fütterung oder freiem Zugang fachlich geprüft werden.",
      "en": "Evidence varies by animal; unknown entries should be reviewed before feeding or allowing access."
    },
    "overall": {
      "highest_status": "unknown",
      "emergency_level": "contact_vet_if_symptoms",
      "has_part_specific_risk": true,
      "has_unknowns": true,
      "human_review_recommended": true,
      "safe_animals": [
        "dog",
        "rabbit",
        "guinea_pig",
        "hamster",
        "budgie",
        "horse",
        "chicken",
        "duck",
        "goose",
        "sheep",
        "goat",
        "cattle",
        "pig"
      ],
      "unknown_animals": [
        "cat"
      ]
    },
    "animals": [
      {
        "key": "dog",
        "label": {
          "de": "Hund",
          "en": "Dog"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "only_specific_parts",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Strunk (sehr faserig, nicht roh essbar)",
            "Äußere welke Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "core (very fibrous, not edible raw)",
            "outer wilted leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "Magen-Darm-Beschwerden bei Übermäßiger Aufnahme"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "gastrointestinal discomfort with excessive intake"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Übermäßiger Verzehr",
            "Rohverzehr des faserigen Strunks"
          ],
          "en": [
            "excessive consumption",
            "raw consumption of fibrous core"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Hunde in kleinen Mengen als ergänzendes Futter geeignet. Die Blätter und der Kopf sind sicher, während der Strunk und welke äußere Blätter aufgrund von Fasern und möglichen Senfölkonzentrationen vermieden werden sollten. Bei Übermäßiger Aufnahme können Blähungen und Magen-Darm-Beschwerden auftreten. Bei anhaltenden Symptomen einen Tierarzt konsultieren.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for dogs in small amounts as supplemental feed. The leaves and head are safe, while the core and wilted outer leaves should be avoided due to fiber and potential mustard oil concentrations. Excessive intake may cause flatulence and gastrointestinal discomfort. Consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "cat",
        "label": {
          "de": "Katze",
          "en": "Cat"
        },
        "status": "unknown",
        "risk_certainty": "unknown",
        "access_recommendation": "unknown",
        "feed_suitability": "unknown",
        "emergency_level": "unknown",
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Katzen in kleinen Mengen als Leckerli geeignet. Die enthaltenen Senföle können bei übermäßigem Verzehr Magen-Darm-Beschwerden verursachen. Kopf und Blätter sind die sicheren Teile. Strunk und äußere welke Blätter sollten aufgrund von Fasergehalt und möglicher Schweregrad vermieden werden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for cats in small amounts as a treat. The mustard oils it contains can cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed excessively. Head and leaves are the safe parts. The core and outer wilted leaves should be avoided due to fiber content and potential toughness."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "insufficient",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": true,
          "source_count": 1
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "rabbit",
        "label": {
          "de": "Kaninchen",
          "en": "Rabbit"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "leichtes gastrointestinales Unbehagen bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "mild gastrointestinal discomfort if overfed"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "empfindliche Verdauung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "sensitive digestion"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Kaninchen in kleinen Mengen als Leckerli geeignet. Die Blätter und der Kopf sind sicher, jedoch können Senföle bei großen Mengen Blähungen verursachen. Nicht als Hauptfutter verwenden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for rabbits in small amounts as a treat. The leaves and head are safe, but mustard oils may cause flatulence in large quantities. Do not use as a primary feed."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "guinea_pig",
        "label": {
          "de": "Meerschweinchen",
          "en": "Guinea pig"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "Magen-Darm-Beschwerden bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "gastrointestinal discomfort with overfeeding"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "empfindliche Verdauung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "sensitive digestion"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Meerschweinchen in kleinen Mengen als ergänzendes Futter geeignet. Aufgrund des Senfölgehalts kann es bei zu großer Menge zu Blähungen kommen. Kopf und Blätter sind die sicheren Teile. Nicht als Hauptfutter verwenden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for guinea pigs in small amounts as supplemental feed. Due to mustard oil content, it may cause flatulence if overfed. Head and leaves are the safe parts. Do not use as primary feed."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "hamster",
        "label": {
          "de": "Hamster",
          "en": "Hamster"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "only_specific_parts",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "contact_vet_if_symptoms",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Strunk",
            "Äußere welke Blätter",
            "Samen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "core",
            "outer wilted leaves",
            "seeds"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "große Mengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "large quantities"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl kann für Hamster in Maßen als Nahrungsergänzung verwendet werden, aber der Strunk und die äußeren welken Blätter sollten entfernt werden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage can be used as a food supplement for hamsters in moderation, but the core and outer wilted leaves should be removed."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "budgie",
        "label": {
          "de": "Wellensittich",
          "en": "Budgie"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "unknown",
        "access_recommendation": "only_specific_parts",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "unknown",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Strunk (sehr faserig)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "core (very fibrous)"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.",
          "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "insufficient",
          "source_basis": "unknown",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "horse",
        "label": {
          "de": "Pferd",
          "en": "Horse"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "leichtes Unwohlsein bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "mild discomfort if overfed"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "empfindliche Pferde"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "sensitive horses"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Pferde in kleinen Mengen als Leckerli geeignet. Kopf und Blätter können verfüttert werden, jedoch aufgrund des Senfölgehalts nur in Maßen, um Blähungen zu vermeiden. Der Strunk sollte aufgrund seiner Fasrigkeit entfernt werden. Bei Überfütterung können Blähungen und leichtes Unwohlsein auftreten, was in der Regel durch Beobachten und Reduzieren der Menge abgeklungen ist. Bei anhaltenden Symptomen…",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for horses in small amounts as a treat. The head and leaves can be fed, but due to mustard oil content, only in moderation to avoid flatulence. The core should be removed due to its fibrousness. If overfed, flatulence and mild discomfort may occur, which usually resolves by observation and reducing the amount. If symptoms persist, a veterinarian should be consulted."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": true,
          "source_count": 2
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "chicken",
        "label": {
          "de": "Huhn",
          "en": "Chicken"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "Magen-Darm-Beschwerden bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "gastrointestinal discomfort if overfed"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "roh und unverdaut in großen Mengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "raw and undigested in large quantities"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Hühner in kleinen Mengen als Leckerli geeignet. Die Blätter und der Kopf sind sicher, jedoch können Senföle bei übermäßigem Verzehr Blähungen verursachen. Nicht als Hauptfutter verwenden. Strunk vermeiden aufgrund hoher Fasergehalt und schlechter Verdaulichkeit.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for chickens in small amounts as a treat. The leaves and head are safe, but mustard oils may cause flatulence if overfed. Do not use as primary feed. Avoid the core due to high fiber content and poor digestibility."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "duck",
        "label": {
          "de": "Ente",
          "en": "Duck"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "Magen-Darm-Beschwerden bei Übermengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "gastrointestinal discomfort in large quantities"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "rohe Verfütterung in großen Mengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "raw feeding in large quantities"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Enten in kleinen Mengen als Ergänzung geeignet. Die Blätter und der Kopf sind verzehrsfähig, jedoch können Senföle bei übermäßigem Verzehr Blähungen verursachen. Nicht als Hauptfutter verwenden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for ducks in small amounts as a supplement. The leaves and head are edible, but mustard oils may cause flatulence if consumed excessively. Do not use as primary feed."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "goose",
        "label": {
          "de": "Gans",
          "en": "Goose"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "only_specific_parts",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "contact_vet_if_symptoms",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Strunk",
            "Äußere welke Blätter",
            "Samen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "core",
            "outer wilted leaves",
            "seeds"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "große Mengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "large quantities"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl kann für Gänse in Maßen gefüttert werden, wenn nur die Kopf und Blätter verwendet werden. Der Strunk und die äußeren welken Blätter sollten entfernt werden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage can be fed to geese in moderation, if only the head and leaves are used. The core and outer wilted leaves should be removed."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "sheep",
        "label": {
          "de": "Schaf",
          "en": "Sheep"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "leichtes Unwohlsein bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "mild discomfort if overfed"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "empfindliche Tiere"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "sensitive animals"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Schafe in Maßen sicher. Die Blätter und der Kopf können als ergänzendes Futter gegeben werden, jedoch kann ein übermäßiger Verzehr aufgrund der Senföle zu Blähungen führen. Der Strunk sollte aufgrund seiner Fasern entfernt werden.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is safe for sheep in moderation. The leaves and head can be given as supplemental feed, but overconsumption may cause flatulence due to mustard oils. The core should be removed due to its fibrousness."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "goat",
        "label": {
          "de": "Ziege",
          "en": "Goat"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "safe_in_moderation",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate)"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates)"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "leichtes Unwohlsein bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "mild discomfort if overfed"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "empfindliche Tiere"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "sensitive animals"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Keine direkte artspezifische Quelle fuer Ziegen gefunden. Diese Einstufung ist eine vorsichtige Ableitung aus dem Profil fuer Schafe und den bekannten pflanzenteilbezogenen Risiken.",
          "en": "No direct species-specific source was found for goats. This is a cautious inference from the sheep profile and the known plant-part risks."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "cattle",
        "label": {
          "de": "Rind",
          "en": "Cattle"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "only_specific_parts",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "observe",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Strunk (sehr faserig, nicht roh essbar)",
            "Äußere welke Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "core (very fibrous, not edible raw)",
            "outer wilted leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle (Glucosinolate) in geringen Mengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils (glucosinolates) in small amounts"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen",
            "leichtes Unwohlsein bei Überfütterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence",
            "mild discomfort if overfed"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "Überfütterung",
            "falsche Lagerung (verwelkte Blätter)",
            "roher Strunk"
          ],
          "en": [
            "overfeeding",
            "improper storage (wilted leaves)",
            "raw core"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl ist für Rinder in geringen Mengen als Zusatzfutter geeignet. Der Kopf und die Blätter sind verträglich, während der faserige Strunk und welke Blätter vermieden werden sollten. Bei Überfütterung können Blähungen auftreten. Ansonsten unbedenklich.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage is suitable for cattle in small amounts as supplemental feed. The head and leaves are well-tolerated, while the fibrous core and wilted leaves should be avoided. Overfeeding may cause flatulence. Otherwise harmless."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "key": "pig",
        "label": {
          "de": "Schwein",
          "en": "Pig"
        },
        "status": "safe_in_moderation",
        "risk_certainty": "low",
        "access_recommendation": "only_specific_parts",
        "feed_suitability": "only_specific_parts",
        "emergency_level": "contact_vet_if_symptoms",
        "safe_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Kopf",
            "Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "head",
            "leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Strunk",
            "Äußere welke Blätter"
          ],
          "en": [
            "core",
            "outer wilted leaves"
          ]
        },
        "toxic_compounds": {
          "de": [
            "Senföle"
          ],
          "en": [
            "mustard oils"
          ]
        },
        "symptoms": {
          "de": [
            "Blähungen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "flatulence"
          ]
        },
        "risk_factors": {
          "de": [
            "große Mengen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "large quantities"
          ]
        },
        "note": {
          "de": "Spitzkohl kann als Supplementarfutter für Schweine verwendet werden, aber nur in Maßen und mit Vorsicht.",
          "en": "Pointed cabbage can be used as supplemental feed for pigs, but only in moderation and with caution."
        },
        "evidence": {
          "level": "low",
          "source_basis": "toxin_based_inference",
          "species_specific": false,
          "direct_veterinary_source": false,
          "source_count": 0
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "seed_saving": {
    "de": "Spitzkohl ist zweijährig und benötigt eine Überwinterung zur Samenbildung. Für die Saatgutgewinnung gesunde, typische Köpfe auswählen und im Herbst mit Wurzelballen einlagern. Im Frühjahr wieder auspflanzen. Blüte im Mai/Juni, Samenernte im August/September.",
    "en": "Pointed cabbage is biennial and requires overwintering for seed production. Select healthy, typical heads and store them with root balls in autumn. Replant in spring. Flowering in May/June, seed harvest in August/September."
  },
  "seed_saving_advanced": {
    "de": "Um Sortenreinheit zu gewährleisten, muss ein Isolationsabstand von mindestens 500 m zu anderen blühenden Kohlarten eingehalten werden. Die Samenstände sind reif, wenn die Schoten braun und trocken sind. Die Samen sind dunkelbraun bis schwarz und keimfähig für 4–5 Jahre.",
    "en": "To ensure varietal purity, an isolation distance of at least 500 m from other flowering brassicas must be maintained. Seed pods are ripe when they are brown and dry. Seeds are dark brown to black and remain viable for 4–5 years."
  },
  "woody_crop_details": {
    "rootstock_relevance": "Nicht zutreffend – Spitzkohl ist ein krautiges, einjährig kultiviertes Gemüse ohne Veredelung auf Unterlagen.",
    "renewal_pruning_relevance": "Nicht zutreffend – Spitzkohl wird als gesamte Pflanze geerntet; kein Verjüngungsschnitt nötig.",
    "notes": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl ist ein einjährig angebauter Kopfkohl, keine Holzpflanze. Dieser Abschnitt dient der strukturellen Vollständigkeit des Schemas.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage is an annual head cabbage, not a woody plant. This section is provided for structural completeness of the schema."
    }
  },
  "pruning_logic": {
    "scope": "Nicht anwendbar – krautige Pflanze ohne Schnitt",
    "system": "Kein Schnittsystem",
    "tool_hygiene": {
      "de": "Nicht erforderlich, da kein Schnitt an der Pflanze vorgenommen wird.",
      "en": "Not required as no pruning is performed on the plant."
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl wird nicht geschnitten oder erzogen. Die Pflanze wächst als bodennahe Rosette und bildet einen kegelförmigen Kopf. Für das Schema muss dieser Abschnitt dennoch vorhanden sein, ist aber fachlich leer.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage is not pruned or trained. It grows as a basal rosette and forms a conical head. This section is required by the schema but is technically empty."
    }
  },
  "ecology": {
    "pollinator_value": "low",
    "wildlife_value": "low",
    "biodiversity_notes": {
      "de": "Spitzkohl bietet nur geringen ökologischen Wert für heimische Insekten. Die Blüten werden im zweiten Jahr von Bienen besucht, was für die Samenproduktion relevant ist.",
      "en": "Pointed cabbage offers limited ecological value for native insects. The flowers in the second year are visited by bees, relevant for seed production."
    }
  },
  "practical_notes": [
    "Spitzkohl benötigt gleichmäßige Wasserversorgung, um Platzen der Köpfe zu vermeiden.",
    "Pointed cabbage requires consistent watering to prevent heads from splitting.",
    "Zurückhaltende Düngung mit Stickstoff; zu viel Stickstoff führt zu weichen Köpfen.",
    "Moderate nitrogen fertilization; too much nitrogen causes soft heads.",
    "Fruchtfolge mit mindestens 4 Jahren Pause zu anderen Kohlarten einhalten.",
    "Maintain a crop rotation of at least 4 years without other brassicas."
  ],
  "seasonal_content": {
    "spring": {
      "tasks": {
        "de": [
          "Aussaat im Haus",
          "Abhärten der Jungpflanzen",
          "Auspflanzen ins Beet"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Sow indoors",
          "Harden off young plants",
          "Transplant to the bed"
        ]
      }
    },
    "summer": {
      "tasks": {
        "de": [
          "Regelmäßig gießen",
          "Mulchen",
          "Schädlingskontrolle",
          "Haupternte"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Water regularly",
          "Mulch",
          "Pest control",
          "Main harvest"
        ]
      }
    },
    "autumn": {
      "tasks": {
        "de": [
          "Letzte Ernte vor dem Frost",
          "Boden nachbereiten für Folgekultur"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Final harvest before frost",
          "Prepare soil for follow-up crop"
        ]
      }
    },
    "winter": {
      "tasks": {
        "de": [
          "Anbauplanung für das nächste Jahr",
          "Fruchtfolge planen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Plan next year's growing area",
          "Plan crop rotation"
        ]
      }
    }
  },
  "slug": "spitzkohl",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Wikidata entity",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7225623",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-15"
    },
    {
      "title": "GBIF species match",
      "url": "https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Spitzkohl&kingdom=Plantae",
      "publisher": "GBIF",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-15"
    },
    {
      "title": "Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Spitzkohl",
      "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spitzkohl",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-15"
    },
    {
      "title": "English Wikipedia: Pointed cabbage",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointed_cabbage",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-15"
    }
  ]
}