{ "names": { "common": { "de": "Majoran", "en": "marjoram" }, "plural": { "de": "Majoran", "en": "marjoram" }, "botanical": "Origanum majorana", "botanical_author": "L.", "scientific_synonyms": [ "Majorana cretica var. hortorum", "Origanum dubium", "Majorana tenuifolia", "Origanum odorum", "Majorana dubia", "Majorana fragrans", "Amaracus majorana", "Origanum syriacum subsp. dubium", "Majorana majorana", "Origanum majorana var. tenuifolium", "Majorana ovalifolia", "Majorana hortensis", "Origanum confertum", "Origanum salvifolium", "Majorana mexicana", "Origanum majorana var. majoranoides", "Majorana suffruticosa", "Origanum majoranoides", "Majorana ovatifolia", "Majorana vulgaris", "Thymus majorana", "Majorana uncinata" ], "synonyms": { "de": [ "Origanum majorana", "Wurstkraut", "Badkraut", "Bratekräutche", "Bratenkräutel", "Gartenmajoran", "Kuchelkraut", "Kuttelkraut", "Mairan", "Meiran", "Mairalkraut", "Mairon", "Miran", "Mussärol" ], "en": [ "knotted Marjoram", "sweet marjoram", "majorana hortensis", "sweet Majoram", "sweet marjoram oil", "Origanum maiorana", "Origanum majorana", "pot marjoram" ] }, "common_synonyms": { "de": [ "Wurstkraut", "Badkraut", "Bratekräutche", "Bratenkräutel", "Gartenmajoran", "Kuchelkraut", "Kuttelkraut", "Mairan", "Meiran", "Mairalkraut", "Mairon", "Miran", "Mussärol" ], "en": [ "knotted Marjoram", "sweet marjoram", "pot marjoram" ] }, "regional_names": { "de": [ "Wurstkraut", "Badkraut", "Bratekräutche", "Bratenkräutel", "Gartenmajoran", "Kuchelkraut", "Kuttelkraut", "Mairan", "Meiran", "Mairalkraut", "Mairon", "Miran", "Mussärol" ] }, "international_names": { "la": [ "Sampsuchum", "Amaracus", "Origanum majorana", "Sampsuchus", "Amaracum" ] }, "search_terms": { "de": [ "Majoran", "Origanum majorana", "Wurstkraut", "Badkraut", "Bratekräutche", "Bratenkräutel", "Gartenmajoran", "Kuchelkraut", "Kuttelkraut", "Mairan", "Meiran", "Mairalkraut", "Mairon", "Miran", "Mussärol" ], "en": [ "marjoram", "Origanum majorana", "knotted Marjoram", "sweet marjoram", "majorana hortensis", "sweet Majoram", "sweet marjoram oil", "Origanum maiorana", "pot marjoram" ] } }, "taxonomy": { "kingdom": "Plantae", "order": "Lamiales", "family_botanical": "Lamiaceae", "family": { "de": "Lippenblütler", "en": "Mint family" }, "family_id": "lamiaceae", "genus": "Origanum", "species": "Origanum majorana", "hybrid_status": "not_hybrid", "related_crops": [ "Oregano" ] }, "classification": { "main_group": "de: Kräuter | en: Herbs", "sub_group": "de: Küchenkräuter | en: Culinary Herbs", "crop_group": "de: Gewürzkräuter | en: Spice Herbs", "life_cycle": "Perennial", "perennial": true, "woody": false, "tree": false, "shrub": false, "edible_parts": { "de": [ "Blätter", "Stängel" ], "en": [ "leaves", "stems" ] } }, "calendar": { "sowing_indoor": { "months": [ 3, 4 ], "earliest_month": 3, "latest_month": 4, "notes": { "de": "Vorkultur in Schalen auf der Fensterbank.", "en": "Pre-culture in trays on the windowsill." } }, "sowing_outdoor": { "months": [ 5, 6 ], "earliest_month": 5, "latest_month": 6, "notes": { "de": "Direktsaat erst nach den Eisheiligen bei ausreichend warmem Boden.", "en": "Direct sowing only after the last frost once the soil is sufficiently warm." } }, "planting_out": { "months": [ 5, 6 ], "earliest_month": 5, "latest_month": 6, "notes": { "de": "Auspflanzen der Vorkultur ab Mitte Mai (nach dem Frost).", "en": "Plant out pre-cultured seedlings from mid-May (after frost risk)." } }, "harvest": { "months": [ 6, 7, 8, 9 ], "earliest_month": 6, "latest_month": 9, "notes": { "de": "Ernte laufend möglich; bestes Aroma kurz vor der Blüte.", "en": "Continuous harvest possible; best aroma just before flowering." } }, "month_tasks": { "3": [ { "de": "Beginn der Vorkultur im Haus.", "en": "Start indoor pre-culture." } ], "4": [ { "de": "Jungpflanzen pikieren.", "en": "Prick out young seedlings." } ], "5": [ { "de": "Auspflanzen ins Freiland nach dem 15. Mai.", "en": "Plant out in the garden after May 15th." } ], "6": [ { "de": "Regelmäßig Unkraut entfernen und Boden lockern.", "en": "Regular weeding and loosening of the soil." } ], "7": [ { "de": "Haupternte vor oder während der Blüte.", "en": "Main harvest before or during flowering." } ], "8": [ { "de": "Zweite Ernte bei gutem Rückschnitt möglich.", "en": "Second harvest possible if cut back well." } ], "9": [ { "de": "Letzte Ernte vor dem ersten Frost.", "en": "Final harvest before the first frost." } ], "10": [ { "de": "Pflanzenreste entfernen oder für Frostschutz sorgen.", "en": "Remove plant remains or provide frost protection." } ] }, "month_tasks_structured": { "3": [ { "task": "sowing", "label": { "de": "Aussaat im Haus", "en": "Indoor sowing" }, "priority": "medium", "months": [ 3, 4 ], "estimated_effort": "low", "notes": { "de": "Lichtkeimer: Samen nicht mit Erde bedecken.", "en": "Light germinator: do not cover seeds with soil." } } ], "5": [ { "task": "planting", "label": { "de": "Auspflanzen", "en": "Planting out" }, "priority": "high", "months": [ 5 ], "condition": "after_frost", "estimated_effort": "medium", "notes": { "de": "Abhärten vor dem Auspflanzen wird empfohlen.", "en": "Hardening off before planting out is recommended." } } ] } }, "book_content": { "overview": { "de": "Majoran ist eines der klassischsten Gewürzkräuter der deutschen Küche. Sein warmer, würziger Duft ist unverwechselbar und macht ihn zum unverzichtbaren Partner für herzhafte Fleischgerichte und Eintöpfe. In unserem Klima wird er meist als einjährige Pflanze gezogen, da er den harten Frost nicht verträgt, doch an einem sonnigen Platz auf dem Balkon oder im Beet belohnt er den Gärtner mit reicher Ernte bis in den Herbst hinein.", "en": "Marjoram is a cornerstone of European culinary tradition. Its warm, aromatic scent is unmistakable, making it an indispensable companion for hearty meat dishes and stews. In temperate climates, it is typically grown as an annual due to its frost sensitivity, but in a sunny spot on the balcony or in the garden bed, it rewards the gardener with a bountiful harvest until late autumn." } }, "structured_month_tasks": { "3": [ { "task": "sowing_indoor", "label": { "de": "Vorkultur starten", "en": "Start pre-culture" }, "priority": "medium", "months": [ 3, 4 ] } ], "5": [ { "task": "transplanting", "label": { "de": "Ins Freiland setzen", "en": "Move to outdoors" }, "priority": "high", "months": [ 5 ] } ], "7": [ { "task": "harvesting", "label": { "de": "Haupternte", "en": "Main harvest" }, "priority": "medium", "months": [ 7, 8 ] } ] }, "cultivation_specs": { "seed": { "seed_depth_cm_min": 0, "seed_depth_cm_max": 0.2, "light_germinator": true, "dark_germinator": false, "cold_germinator": false, "stratification_needed": false, "pre_soaking_recommended": false, "germination_temp_c_min": 18, "germination_temp_c_max": 22, "germination_days_min": 10, "germination_days_max": 21, "seed_lifespan_years_min": 2, "seed_lifespan_years_max": 3, "direct_sowing_possible": true, "pre_culture_recommended": true }, "spacing": { "plant_spacing_cm_min": 20, "plant_spacing_cm_max": 25, "row_spacing_cm_min": 25, "row_spacing_cm_max": 30, "recommended_density_per_sqm_min": 12, "recommended_density_per_sqm_max": 16, "thinning_distance_cm": 20, "min_bed_width_cm": 60, "square_foot_gardening_spacing": "4 per square foot", "spacing_notes": { "de": "Enge Pflanzung unterdrückt Unkraut, fördert aber Pilzkrankheiten bei Nässe.", "en": "Dense planting suppresses weeds but promotes fungal diseases in wet conditions." } }, "growth_dimensions": { "height_cm_min": 20, "height_cm_max": 40, "width_cm_min": 20, "width_cm_max": 30, "root_depth_cm_min": 10, "root_depth_cm_max": 20, "root_spread_cm_min": 15, "root_spread_cm_max": 25, "growth_speed": "medium", "final_size_notes": { "de": "Kompakter, buschiger Wuchs.", "en": "Compact, bushy growth habit." } }, "temperature": { "min_growing_temp_c": 12, "optimal_temp_c_min": 18, "optimal_temp_c_max": 25, "max_heat_tolerance_c": 35, "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_min": 15, "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_optimal": 18, "frost_sensitive": true, "late_frost_sensitive": true, "heat_tolerance": "high", "cold_tolerance": "low", "temperature_notes": { "de": "In Mitteleuropa meist einjährig kultiviert, da nicht winterhart.", "en": "Usually grown as an annual in Central Europe as it is not frost-hardy." } }, "water": { "water_need": "medium", "critical_water_phases": { "de": [ "Keimphase", "Anwachsphase nach dem Auspflanzen" ], "en": [ "Germination phase", "Establishment phase after planting out" ] }, "drought_tolerant": true, "drought_sensitivity": "low", "waterlogging_sensitive": true, "mulching_recommended": false, "water_notes": { "de": "Staunässe unbedingt vermeiden; mäßig aber regelmäßig gießen.", "en": "Avoid waterlogging at all costs; water moderately but regularly." } }, "nutrition": { "nutrient_group": "light_feeder", "heavy_feeder": false, "medium_feeder": false, "light_feeder": true, "nitrogen_need": "low", "phosphorus_need": "low", "potassium_need": "medium", "calcium_need": "medium", "magnesium_need": "low", "compost_recommended": true, "mulching_recommended": false, "fertilizer_sensitivity": "medium", "nutrition_notes": { "de": "Zu viel Stickstoff mindert das Aroma.", "en": "Too much nitrogen reduces the aroma." } }, "container": { "container_suitable": true, "min_pot_volume_l": 2, "recommended_pot_volume_l": 5, "min_pot_depth_cm": 15, "min_pot_diameter_cm": 15, "plants_per_container_min": 1, "plants_per_container_max": 3, "drainage_required": true, "repotting_needed": true, "container_notes": { "de": "Ideal für Balkonkästen und Töpfe an sonnigen Standorten.", "en": "Ideal for balcony boxes and pots in sunny locations." } }, "support": { "needs_support": false, "support_recommended": false, "climbing": false, "vining": false, "trellis_recommended": false, "training_required": false, "support_notes": { "de": "Standfest durch krautigen Wuchs.", "en": "Stable due to herbaceous growth." } }, "cultivation_modes": { "outdoor_bed_suitable": true, "raised_bed_suitable": true, "container_suitable": true, "balcony_suitable": true, "greenhouse_suitable": true, "polytunnel_suitable": true, "indoor_suitable": false, "windowsill_suitable": true, "hydroponic_possible": true, "permaculture_suitable": true, "no_dig_suitable": true }, "yield_density": { "yield_per_plant_min": 20, "yield_per_plant_max": 50, "yield_unit": "g (fresh)", "yield_per_sqm_min": 250, "yield_per_sqm_max": 600, "yield_reliability": "high", "yield_notes": { "de": "Zweiter Schnitt im Spätsommer erhöht den Gesamtertrag.", "en": "A second cut in late summer increases the total yield." } } }, "site": { "exposure": { "de": "Vollsonnig, warm und windgeschützt.", "en": "Full sun, warm, and sheltered from wind." }, "climate_suitability": { "de": "Bevorzugt warmes, mediterranes Klima; in Deutschland einjährig.", "en": "Prefers warm, Mediterranean climates; grown as an annual in Germany." } }, "soil": { "soil_type": { "de": "Leicht, durchlässig, humos und kalkhaltig.", "en": "Light, well-draining, humus-rich, and calcareous." }, "ph_range": { "min": 6.5, "max": 7.5 }, "soil_notes": { "de": "Mag keine schweren, kalten Böden.", "en": "Does not like heavy, cold soils." } }, "watering": { "frequency": { "de": "Regelmäßig, aber sparsam.", "en": "Regularly, but sparingly." }, "drought_strategy": { "de": "Übersteht kurze Trockenperioden gut.", "en": "Withstands short dry periods well." } }, "nutrition": { "fertilization_strategy": { "de": "Gabe von etwas Kompost bei der Pflanzung meist ausreichend.", "en": "Adding a small amount of compost at planting is usually sufficient." }, "fertilizer_type": { "de": "Organischer Kräuterdünger oder Kompost.", "en": "Organic herb fertilizer or compost." } }, "cultivation_planning": { "succession_sowing": { "possible": false }, "bed_planning_notes": { "de": "Guter Nachbar für Zwiebeln und Gurken. Nicht neben Oregano pflanzen (Kreuzungen möglich).", "en": "Good neighbor for onions and cucumbers. Do not plant next to oregano (cross-pollination possible)." }, "rotation_priority": "low", "interplanting_potential": "high", "mechanization_relevance": "low" }, "crop_rotation": { "rotation_break_years": 3, "preceding_crops": { "de": [ "Kartoffeln", "Hülsenfrüchte", "Wurzelgemüse" ], "en": [ "Potatoes", "Legumes", "Root vegetables" ] }, "following_crops": { "de": [ "Schwachzehrer", "Salate", "Radieschen" ], "en": [ "Light feeders", "Lettuce", "Radishes" ] }, "notes": { "de": "Nicht nach anderen Lippenblütlern anbauen, um bodenbürtige Krankheiten zu vermeiden.", "en": "Avoid planting after other mint family members to prevent soil-borne diseases." } }, "companion_planting": { "approach": "polyculture", "good_neighbors": [ { "slug": "allium-cepa", "name": { "de": "Zwiebel", "en": "Onion" }, "reason": { "de": "Majoran kann Schädlinge von Zwiebeln fernhalten.", "en": "Marjoram can deter pests from onions." }, "relationship_type": "beneficial" }, { "slug": "cucumis-sativus", "name": { "de": "Gurke", "en": "Cucumber" }, "reason": { "de": "Fördert das Wachstum und Aroma.", "en": "Promotes growth and flavor." }, "relationship_type": "beneficial" } ], "bad_neighbors": [ { "slug": "origanum-vulgare", "name": { "de": "Oregano", "en": "Oregano" }, "reason": { "de": "Gefahr der Kreuzbestäubung; ähnliche Nährstoffansprüche.", "en": "Risk of cross-pollination; similar nutrient requirements." }, "relationship_type": "antagonistic" }, { "slug": "thymus", "name": { "de": "Thymian", "en": "Thyme" }, "reason": { "de": "Konkurrenz um den Standort bei ähnlichen Ansprüchen.", "en": "Competition for site space with similar requirements." }, "relationship_type": "antagonistic" } ], "companion_scores": [ { "target_slug": "allium-cepa", "score": 5, "reasons": [ "Pest deterrence" ] } ], "design_rules": { "de": [ "In kleinen Gruppen pflanzen, um Unkrautdruck zu senken.", "Ausreichend Abstand zu stark wuchernden Kräutern halten." ], "en": [ "Plant in small groups to lower weed pressure.", "Keep sufficient distance from vigorously spreading herbs." ] }, "notes": { "de": "Majoran ist ein guter Partner im Gemüsegarten, sollte aber von nahen Verwandten getrennt werden.", "en": "Marjoram is a good partner in the vegetable garden but should be separated from close relatives." } }, "deficiencies": { "nitrogen_deficiency": { "symptoms": { "de": "Blasse, gelbliche Blätter; kümmerlicher Wuchs.", "en": "Pale, yellowish leaves; stunted growth." }, "remedy": { "de": "Mäßige Gabe von Kräuterdünger.", "en": "Moderate application of herb fertilizer." } } }, "problems": { "environmental": [ { "type": "waterlogging", "description": { "de": "Fäulnis der Wurzeln bei zu nassem Boden.", "en": "Root rot in excessively wet soil." } }, { "type": "frost_damage", "description": { "de": "Pflanze stirbt bei Frost ab.", "en": "Plant dies during frost." } } ] }, "problem_management": { "common_pest_groups": { "de": [ "Saugschädlinge", "Erdflöhe" ], "en": [ "Sucking insects", "Flea beetles" ] }, "common_disease_groups": { "de": [ "Pilzkrankheiten", "Wurzelfäule" ], "en": [ "Fungal diseases", "Root rot" ] }, "prevention_principles": { "de": [ "Sonniger Standort zur schnellen Abtrocknung.", "Staunässe konsequent vermeiden.", "Weite Pflanzabstände für Luftzirkulation." ], "en": [ "Sunny location for quick drying.", "Consistently avoid waterlogging.", "Wide planting distances for air circulation." ] }, "diagnosis_notes": { "de": "Achten Sie auf Verfärbungen der Blätter und klebrige Rückstände.", "en": "Watch for leaf discoloration and sticky residues." } }, "disease_graph": { "scope": "local_cultivation", "profiles": [ { "slug": "botrytis-cinerea", "severity": "medium", "conditions": { "de": [ "Anhaltende Nässe", "Mangelnde Luftzirkulation" ], "en": [ "Persistent wetness", "Lack of air circulation" ] }, "affected_parts": { "de": [ "Stängel", "Blätter" ], "en": [ "Stems", "Leaves" ] }, "prevention": { "de": [ "Abstand halten", "Boden lockern" ], "en": [ "Keep spacing", "Loosen soil" ] }, "organic_control": { "de": [ "Befallene Teile entfernen", "Schachtelhalmtee spritzen" ], "en": [ "Remove infected parts", "Spray horsetail tea" ] } } ], "diagnostic_rules": [ { "symptom": { "de": "Gelbe Blätter", "en": "Yellow leaves" }, "possible_causes": [ "nitrogen_deficiency", "waterlogging" ], "first_checks": { "de": [ "Bodenfeuchte prüfen", "Düngung kontrollieren" ], "en": [ "Check soil moisture", "Review fertilization" ] } } ], "prevention_strategy": { "cultural": { "de": [ "Fruchtfolge einhalten", "Morgens gießen" ], "en": [ "Follow crop rotation", "Water in the morning" ] }, "monitoring": { "de": [ "Wöchentliche Kontrolle der Blattunterseiten" ], "en": [ "Weekly inspection of leaf undersides" ] }, "organic_first_response": { "de": [ "Nützlinge fördern", "Pflanzenstärkungsmittel nutzen" ], "en": [ "Promote beneficials", "Use plant fortifiers" ] }, "notes": { "de": "Vorsorge ist bei Majoran wichtiger als die Bekämpfung.", "en": "Prevention is more important than control for marjoram." } } }, "diagnosis": { "primary_symptoms": { "de": [ "Blattverfärbung", "Welke", "Belagbildung" ], "en": [ "Leaf discoloration", "Wilting", "Coating formation" ] } }, "phenology": { "stages": { "de": [ "Keimung", "Vegetatives Wachstum", "Knospenbildung", "Blütezeit", "Samenreife" ], "en": [ "Germination", "Vegetative growth", "Bud formation", "Flowering", "Seed maturation" ] }, "notes": { "de": "In Mitteleuropa meist einjährige Kultur, da die Pflanze keinen Frost verträgt.", "en": "Usually grown as an annual in Central Europe as the plant cannot tolerate frost." } }, "flowering_pollination": { "flowering_period": { "months": [ 6, 7, 8, 9 ], "de": "Juni bis September", "en": "June to September" }, "flower_color": { "de": "Weiß bis zartrosa", "en": "White to pale pink" } }, "pollination": { "summary": { "de": "Die Bestäubung erfolgt hauptsächlich durch Insekten wie Bienen und Schwebfliegen.", "en": "Pollination is primarily carried out by insects such as bees and hoverflies." }, "pollinator_required": true, "self_fertility": "self-fertile", "pollinator_notes": { "de": "Hervorragende Bienenweide; lockt viele Nutzinsekten in den Garten.", "en": "Excellent bee pasture; attracts many beneficial insects to the garden." } }, "harvest": { "main_harvest_months": [ 7, 8 ], "methods": { "de": [ "Schnitt ganzer Triebe", "Zupfen einzelner Blätter" ], "en": [ "Cutting entire shoots", "Plucking individual leaves" ] } }, "harvest_details": { "harvest_frequency": { "de": "Laufende Ernte frischer Blätter; Haupternte zwei- bis dreimal pro Saison.", "en": "Continuous harvest of fresh leaves; main harvest two to three times per season." }, "harvest_indicators": { "de": [ "Kurz vor dem Aufblühen für intensivstes Aroma", "Triebe haben eine Länge von 10-15 cm erreicht" ], "en": [ "Just before flowering for the most intense aroma", "Shoots have reached a length of 10-15 cm" ] }, "post_harvest_handling": { "de": "Nicht waschen, wenn es getrocknet werden soll; direkt bündeln und kopfüber aufhängen.", "en": "Do not wash if it is to be dried; bundle immediately and hang upside down." } }, "storage": { "methods": { "de": [ "Trocknen", "Einfrieren", "Einlegen in Öl" ], "en": [ "Drying", "Freezing", "Preserving in oil" ] } }, "storage_details": { "general_storage_category": { "de": "Trockenvorrat oder Tiefkühlung", "en": "Dry storage or freezing" }, "storage_life": { "de": "Getrocknet ca. 1 Jahr bei vollem Aroma; eingefroren ca. 6 Monate.", "en": "Dried approx. 1 year with full aroma; frozen approx. 6 months." }, "processing_options": { "de": [ "Gerebelter Majoran", "Majoranöl", "Kräuterbutter" ], "en": [ "Rubbed marjoram", "Marjoram oil", "Herb butter" ] } }, "processing_use": { "primary_use": { "de": "Gewürzkraut", "en": "Culinary herb" }, "industrial_use": { "de": [ "Wurstherstellung", "Kosmetik (Ätherisches Öl)" ], "en": [ "Sausage production", "Cosmetics (essential oil)" ] } }, "kitchen_usage": { "flavor_profile": { "de": "Würzig, süßlich-herb, leicht kampferartig", "en": "Spicy, sweet-bitter, slightly camphor-like" }, "dishes": { "de": [ "Wurstgerichte", "Kartoffelsuppe", "Gänsebraten", "Hülsenfrüchte" ], "en": [ "Sausage dishes", "Potato soup", "Roast goose", "Legumes" ] } }, "safety_and_edibility": { "edible_parts": { "de": [ "Blätter", "Blüten", "Zarte Triebspitzen" ], "en": [ "Leaves", "Flowers", "Tender shoot tips" ] }, "inedible_or_caution_parts": { "de": [ "Verholzte Stängel" ], "en": [ "Woody stems" ] }, "toxicity_notes": { "de": "Ungiftig; bei übermäßigem Verzehr des ätherischen Öls können Kopfschmerzen auftreten.", "en": "Non-toxic; excessive consumption of the essential oil may cause headaches." }, "raw_consumption": { "de": "In kleinen Mengen für Salate oder Quark geeignet.", "en": "Suitable in small quantities for salads or curd cheese." } }, "animal_safety": { "schema_version": "1.0", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-02", "summary": { "de": "Die Datenlage ist je nach Tierart unterschiedlich; unbekannte Einträge sollten vor Fütterung oder freiem Zugang fachlich geprüft werden.", "en": "Evidence varies by animal; unknown entries should be reviewed before feeding or allowing access." }, "overall": { "highest_status": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "has_part_specific_risk": false, "has_unknowns": true, "human_review_recommended": true, "unknown_animals": [ "dog", "cat", "rabbit", "guinea_pig", "hamster", "budgie", "horse", "chicken", "duck", "goose", "sheep", "goat", "cattle", "pig" ] }, "animals": [ { "key": "dog", "label": { "de": "Hund", "en": "Dog" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "cat", "label": { "de": "Katze", "en": "Cat" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "rabbit", "label": { "de": "Kaninchen", "en": "Rabbit" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "guinea_pig", "label": { "de": "Meerschweinchen", "en": "Guinea pig" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "hamster", "label": { "de": "Hamster", "en": "Hamster" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "budgie", "label": { "de": "Wellensittich", "en": "Budgie" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "horse", "label": { "de": "Pferd", "en": "Horse" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "chicken", "label": { "de": "Huhn", "en": "Chicken" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "duck", "label": { "de": "Ente", "en": "Duck" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "goose", "label": { "de": "Gans", "en": "Goose" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "sheep", "label": { "de": "Schaf", "en": "Sheep" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "goat", "label": { "de": "Ziege", "en": "Goat" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "cattle", "label": { "de": "Rind", "en": "Cattle" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } }, { "key": "pig", "label": { "de": "Schwein", "en": "Pig" }, "status": "unknown", "risk_certainty": "unknown", "access_recommendation": "unknown", "feed_suitability": "unknown", "emergency_level": "unknown", "note": { "de": "Keine belastbare artspezifische Einstufung vorhanden.", "en": "No reliable species-specific assessment is available." }, "evidence": { "level": "insufficient", "source_basis": "unknown", "species_specific": false, "direct_veterinary_source": false, "source_count": 0 } } ] }, "seed_saving": { "collection_time": { "de": "Spätsommer bis Frühherbst", "en": "Late summer to early autumn" }, "difficulty": { "de": "Einfach", "en": "Easy" } }, "seed_saving_advanced": { "isolation_distance_meters": 50, "cross_pollination_risk": { "de": "Mögliche Kreuzung mit wildem Oregano (Origanum vulgare).", "en": "Possible cross-pollination with wild oregano (Origanum vulgare)." }, "cleaning_method": { "de": "Trocknen der Samenstände und anschließendes Sieben der feinen Samen.", "en": "Drying of seed heads followed by sieving of the fine seeds." } }, "varieties": [ { "name": "Aurea", "slug": "origanum-majorana-aurea", "description": { "de": "Gelblaubige Sorte, die etwas niedriger wächst und dekorativ ist.", "en": "Golden-leaved variety that grows slightly shorter and is very decorative." }, "characteristics": { "de": [ "Gelbe Blätter", "Milder Geschmack" ], "en": [ "Yellow foliage", "Mild flavor" ] } }, { "name": "Annet", "slug": "origanum-majorana-annet", "description": { "de": "Frühreife Sorte mit hohem Ertrag und intensivem Aroma.", "en": "Early-maturing variety with high yield and intense aroma." } } ], "woody_crop_details": { "renewal_pruning_relevance": "high", "notes": { "de": "Obwohl Majoran in Mitteleuropa meist einjährig gezogen wird, verholzt er an der Basis, wenn er frostfrei überwintert wird.", "en": "Although marjoram is mostly grown as an annual in Central Europe, it becomes woody at the base if overwintered frost-free." } }, "pruning_logic": { "scope": "herbaceous_shrub", "system": "cut-and-come-again", "remove": { "de": [ "Verblühte Blütenstände", "Verholzte Triebe bei Überwinterung", "Kranke oder vertrocknete Blätter" ], "en": [ "Spent flower heads", "Woody stems if overwintered", "Diseased or dried leaves" ] }, "preserve": { "de": [ "Junge, weiche Triebspitzen", "Basisknospen für den Neuaustrieb" ], "en": [ "Young, soft shoot tips", "Basal buds for new growth" ] }, "avoid": { "de": [ "Schnitt ins alte Holz bei einjähriger Kultur", "Zu tiefer Rückschnitt bei Staunässe" ], "en": [ "Cutting into old wood during annual cultivation", "Cutting too low during waterlogging conditions" ] }, "timing_rules": [ { "season": "summer", "months": [ 6, 7, 8 ], "purpose": { "de": "Haupternte und Wachstumsförderung", "en": "Main harvest and growth stimulation" }, "notes": { "de": "Triebe ca. 5 cm über dem Boden abschneiden, um einen zweiten Austrieb zu ermöglichen.", "en": "Cut shoots approx. 5 cm above the ground to allow for a second flush of growth." } }, { "season": "autumn", "months": [ 9, 10 ], "purpose": { "de": "Abschlussreinigung", "en": "Final cleanup" }, "notes": { "de": "Letzter Rückschnitt vor dem Frost; Pflanzenreste bei einjähriger Kultur entfernen.", "en": "Final cut before frost; remove plant remains in annual cultivation." } } ], "cut_location_rules": { "de": [ "Schnitt kurz oberhalb eines Blattpaares", "Ganze Triebspitzen für die Trocknung entnehmen" ], "en": [ "Cut just above a pair of leaves", "Remove entire shoot tips for drying" ] }, "intensity_rules": { "light": { "de": "Laufendes Zupfen einzelner Blätter.", "en": "Continuous plucking of individual leaves." }, "heavy": { "de": "Rückschnitt des gesamten Stocks auf 5-10 cm zur Haupternte.", "en": "Pruning the entire plant back to 5-10 cm for the main harvest." } }, "decision_tree": [ { "condition": "Plant is flowering", "action": { "de": "Sofort ernten, da das Aroma danach abnimmt.", "en": "Harvest immediately as aroma declines after flowering." } } ], "tool_hygiene": { "de": "Saubere, scharfe Kräuterscheren verwenden, um Quetschungen der weichen Triebe zu vermeiden.", "en": "Use clean, sharp herb snips to avoid crushing the soft stems." }, "diagram_requirements": { "de": [ "Schnittpunkt über dem Blattknoten", "Unterscheidung zwischen weichem Trieb und verholzter Basis" ], "en": [ "Cut point above the leaf node", "Distinction between soft shoot and woody base" ] }, "notes": { "de": "Regelmäßiger Schnitt verhindert die vorzeitige Blüte und verlängert die Ernteperiode.", "en": "Regular cutting prevents premature flowering and extends the harvest period." } }, "pruning_training": { "summary": { "de": "Rückschnitt dient primär der Ernte und der Förderung eines buschigen Wuchses.", "en": "Pruning primarily serves for harvesting and promoting bushy growth." } }, "ecology": { "pollinator_value": "high", "wildlife_value": "medium", "biodiversity_notes": { "de": "Die Blüten sind eine hervorragende Nektarquelle für Honigbienen, Wildbienen und Schwebfliegen.", "en": "The flowers are an excellent source of nectar for honey bees, wild bees, and hoverflies." } }, "practical_notes": { "germination_tip": { "de": "Als Lichtkeimer dürfen die Samen nur leicht angedrückt, aber nicht mit Erde bedeckt werden.", "en": "As light germinators, seeds should only be pressed lightly and not covered with soil." }, "aroma_boost": { "de": "Ernten Sie kurz vor der Blüte am späten Vormittag für den höchsten Gehalt an ätherischen Ölen.", "en": "Harvest just before flowering in the late morning for the highest essential oil content." } }, "seasonal_content": { "spring": { "de": "Zeit für die Vorkultur auf der Fensterbank.", "en": "Time for indoor pre-culture on the windowsill." }, "summer": { "de": "Haupterntezeit und Trocknen der Vorräte.", "en": "Main harvest season and drying supplies." } }, "slug": "majoran", "sources": [ { "title": "Wikidata entity", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22694", "publisher": "Wikidata", "date_accessed": "2026-05-14" }, { "title": "GBIF species match", "url": "https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Origanum%20majorana&kingdom=Plantae", "publisher": "GBIF", "date_accessed": "2026-05-14" }, { "title": "Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Majoran", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majoran", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "date_accessed": "2026-05-14" }, { "title": "English Wikipedia: Marjoram", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjoram", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "date_accessed": "2026-05-14" } ] }