{ "names": { "common": { "de": "Komatsuna", "en": "Komatsuna" }, "plural": { "de": "Komatsuna", "en": "Komatsuna" }, "botanical": "Brassica rapa var. perviridis", "botanical_author": "L.H.Bailey", "scientific_synonyms": [ "Brassica perviridis", "Brassica rapa subsp. perviridis", "Brassica chinensis var. komatsuna", "Brassica chinensis f. komatsuna" ], "synonyms": { "de": [ "Japanischer Senfspinat", "Senfspinat" ], "en": [ "Japanese mustard spinach", "Mustard spinach" ] }, "common_synonyms": { "de": [ "Japanischer Senfspinat" ], "en": [ "Mustard spinach" ] }, "misspellings": { "de": [ "Komatsuma" ], "en": [ "Komatsuma" ] }, "international_names": { "ja": [ "コマツナ", "小松菜" ], "fr": [ "Moutarde japonaise" ] }, "ambiguous_names": [ { "name": "Mustard spinach", "language": "en", "shared_with": [ "Brassica juncea" ], "clarification": { "de": "Bezieht sich hier speziell auf die Varietät B. rapa var. perviridis, nicht auf echten Senf.", "en": "Specifically refers to the B. rapa var. perviridis variety, not to true mustard greens (B. juncea)." } } ], "search_terms": { "de": [ "Komatsuna", "Japanischer Spinat", "Asiagemüse" ], "en": [ "Komatsuna", "Japanese greens", "Asian leafy greens" ] } }, "taxonomy": { "kingdom": "Plantae", "clades": [ "Tracheophyta", "Angiosperms", "Eudicots", "Rosids" ], "order": "Brassicales", "family_botanical": "Brassicaceae", "family": { "de": "Kreuzblütler", "en": "Cabbage family" }, "family_id": "brassicaceae", "genus": "Brassica", "species": "Brassica rapa", "botanical_variety": "perviridis", "cultivar_group": "Perviridis Group", "hybrid_status": "not_hybrid", "related_crops": [ "Mizuna", "Pak Choi", "Tatsoi", "Speiserübe" ] }, "classification": { "main_group": "Vegetables", "sub_group": "Leafy Greens", "crop_group": "Brassicas", "life_cycle": "Annual", "perennial": false, "woody": false, "tree": false, "shrub": false, "edible_parts": { "de": [ "Blätter", "Blattstiele", "Blütenknospen" ], "en": [ "Leaves", "Stems", "Flower buds" ] }, "nutrient_group": "Leafy Green" }, "calendar": { "sowing_indoor": { "months": [ 2, 3, 8, 9 ], "earliest_month": 2, "latest_month": 9, "notes": { "de": "Voranzucht für frühe Ernten oder im Spätsommer möglich.", "en": "Pre-culture possible for early harvests or in late summer." } }, "sowing_outdoor": { "months": [ 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ], "earliest_month": 4, "latest_month": 9, "notes": { "de": "Direktsaat alle 2-3 Wochen für kontinuierliche Ernte; verträgt leichten Frost.", "en": "Direct sow every 2-3 weeks for continuous harvest; tolerates light frost." } }, "planting_out": { "months": [ 4, 5, 8, 9 ], "earliest_month": 4, "latest_month": 9, "notes": { "de": "Auspflanzen von Jungpflanzen mit ca. 4 Blättern.", "en": "Transplant seedlings when they have approximately 4 leaves." } }, "harvest": { "months": [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ], "earliest_month": 5, "latest_month": 11, "notes": { "de": "Ernte als Baby-Leaf nach 3 Wochen oder ausgewachsen nach 6-8 Wochen.", "en": "Harvest as baby leaf after 3 weeks or full grown after 6-8 weeks." } }, "month_tasks": { "2": [ { "de": "Frühe Voranzucht auf der Fensterbank beginnen.", "en": "Start early pre-culture on the windowsill." } ], "3": [ { "de": "Jungpflanzen für das Gewächshaus vorbereiten.", "en": "Prepare seedlings for the greenhouse." } ], "4": [ { "de": "Erste Direktsaat ins Freiland bei abgetrocknetem Boden.", "en": "First direct sowing outdoors once soil has dried out." } ], "5": [ { "de": "Folgesaat ausbringen und auf Erdflöhe kontrollieren.", "en": "Succession sowing and check for flea beetles." } ], "6": [ { "de": "Ausreichend wässern, um Schießen bei Hitze zu vermeiden.", "en": "Water adequately to prevent bolting during heat." } ], "7": [ { "de": "Sommersaat für die Herbsternte ausbringen.", "en": "Sow summer crops for autumn harvest." } ], "8": [ { "de": "Hauptsaatzeit für die späte Saison.", "en": "Main sowing time for the late season." } ], "9": [ { "de": "Letzte Saten für den Winteranbau im geschützten Bereich.", "en": "Last sowings for winter cultivation in protected areas." } ], "10": [ { "de": "Ernte von ausgewachsenen Pflanzen fortsetzen.", "en": "Continue harvesting full-grown plants." } ], "11": [ { "de": "Letzte Ernte vor starken Frösten; Winterschutz anbringen.", "en": "Final harvest before hard frosts; apply winter protection." } ] }, "month_tasks_structured": { "3": [ { "task": "sowing", "label": { "de": "Voranzucht", "en": "Pre-culture" }, "priority": "medium", "months": [ 3 ], "notes": { "de": "In Schalen säen für frühen Anbau.", "en": "Sow in trays for early cultivation." } } ], "4": [ { "task": "sowing", "label": { "de": "Direktsaat", "en": "Direct Sowing" }, "priority": "high", "months": [ 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ], "notes": { "de": "Reihenabstand 25-30 cm.", "en": "Row spacing 25-30 cm." } } ] } }, "book_content": { "overview": { "de": "Komatsuna, oft als Japanischer Senfspinat bezeichnet, ist ein Juwel für den Ganzjahresgarten. Er wächst extrem schnell und kann bereits nach wenigen Wochen als zarter Baby-Leaf geerntet werden. Besonders wertvoll ist seine Kältetoleranz, die Ernten bis tief in den Winter ermöglicht.", "en": "Komatsuna, often called Japanese mustard spinach, is a gem for year-round gardening. It grows extremely fast and can be harvested as tender baby leaf after just a few weeks. Its cold tolerance is particularly valuable, allowing for harvests well into the winter months." } }, "structured_month_tasks": { "4": [ { "task": "sowing", "label": { "de": "Aussaat im Freiland", "en": "Outdoor Sowing" }, "priority": "high", "months": [ 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ], "notes": { "de": "Laufend nachsäen für junge Blätter.", "en": "Resow continuously for young leaves." } } ], "8": [ { "task": "sowing", "label": { "de": "Herbstaussaat", "en": "Autumn Sowing" }, "priority": "high", "months": [ 8, 9 ], "notes": { "de": "Beste Zeit für große, kräftige Pflanzen.", "en": "Best time for large, vigorous plants." } } ] }, "cultivation_specs": { "seed": { "seed_depth_cm_min": 0.5, "seed_depth_cm_max": 1.5, "light_germinator": false, "dark_germinator": true, "cold_germinator": false, "stratification_needed": false, "pre_soaking_recommended": false, "germination_temp_c_min": 10.0, "germination_temp_c_max": 25.0, "germination_days_min": 3, "germination_days_max": 10, "seed_lifespan_years_min": 3, "seed_lifespan_years_max": 5, "direct_sowing_possible": true, "pre_culture_recommended": false }, "spacing": { "plant_spacing_cm_min": 10.0, "plant_spacing_cm_max": 25.0, "row_spacing_cm_min": 25.0, "row_spacing_cm_max": 35.0, "recommended_density_per_sqm_min": 15.0, "recommended_density_per_sqm_max": 40.0, "thinning_distance_cm": 15.0, "min_bed_width_cm": 60.0, "square_foot_gardening_spacing": "4-9 plants", "spacing_notes": { "de": "Enger für Baby-Leaf, weiter für große Einzelpflanzen.", "en": "Closer for baby leaf, wider for large individual plants." } }, "growth_dimensions": { "height_cm_min": 20.0, "height_cm_max": 45.0, "width_cm_min": 15.0, "width_cm_max": 30.0, "root_depth_cm_min": 15.0, "root_depth_cm_max": 25.0, "root_spread_cm_min": 10.0, "root_spread_cm_max": 20.0, "growth_speed": "very_fast", "final_size_notes": { "de": "Bildet aufrechte Rosetten; schießt bei Hitze schnell in die Höhe.", "en": "Forms upright rosettes; bolts quickly in high heat." } }, "temperature": { "min_growing_temp_c": 5.0, "optimal_temp_c_min": 15.0, "optimal_temp_c_max": 22.0, "max_heat_tolerance_c": 30.0, "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_min": 8.0, "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_optimal": 18.0, "frost_sensitive": false, "late_frost_sensitive": false, "heat_tolerance": "medium", "cold_tolerance": "high", "temperature_notes": { "de": "Sehr frosthart bis ca. -10°C; ideal für den Winteranbau.", "en": "Very frost hardy down to approx. -10°C; ideal for winter cultivation." } }, "water": { "water_need": "medium", "critical_water_phases": { "de": [ "Keimphase", "Hauptwachstumsphase" ], "en": [ "Germination phase", "Main growth phase" ] }, "drought_tolerant": false, "drought_sensitivity": "high", "waterlogging_sensitive": true, "mulching_recommended": true, "water_notes": { "de": "Gleichmäßige Feuchtigkeit verhindert vorzeitiges Schießen.", "en": "Consistent moisture prevents premature bolting." } }, "nutrition": { "nutrient_group": "medium_feeder", "heavy_feeder": false, "medium_feeder": true, "light_feeder": false, "nitrogen_need": "medium", "phosphorus_need": "low", "potassium_need": "medium", "calcium_need": "medium", "magnesium_need": "low", "compost_recommended": true, "mulching_recommended": true, "fertilizer_sensitivity": "medium", "nutrition_notes": { "de": "Mäßige Kompostgaben vor der Saat sind meist ausreichend.", "en": "Moderate compost applications before sowing are usually sufficient." } }, "container": { "container_suitable": true, "min_pot_volume_l": 3.0, "recommended_pot_volume_l": 5.0, "min_pot_depth_cm": 20.0, "min_pot_diameter_cm": 20.0, "plants_per_container_min": 1.0, "plants_per_container_max": 3.0, "drainage_required": true, "repotting_needed": false, "container_notes": { "de": "Hervorragend für Balkonkästen und Töpfe geeignet.", "en": "Excellent for balcony boxes and pots." } }, "support": { "needs_support": false, "support_recommended": false, "climbing": false, "vining": false, "trellis_recommended": false, "training_required": false, "support_notes": { "de": "Wächst eigenständig aufrecht.", "en": "Grows upright independently." } }, "cultivation_modes": { "outdoor_bed_suitable": true, "raised_bed_suitable": true, "container_suitable": true, "balcony_suitable": true, "greenhouse_suitable": true, "polytunnel_suitable": true, "indoor_suitable": false, "windowsill_suitable": true, "hydroponic_possible": true, "permaculture_suitable": true, "no_dig_suitable": true }, "yield_density": { "yield_per_plant_min": 0.1, "yield_per_plant_max": 0.3, "yield_unit": "kg", "yield_per_sqm_min": 2.0, "yield_per_sqm_max": 4.5, "yield_reliability": "high", "yield_notes": { "de": "Mehrfache Ernte durch Nachwachsen der Herzblätter möglich.", "en": "Multiple harvests possible by allowing heart leaves to regrow." } } }, "site": { "exposure": { "de": "Sonnig bis halbschattig", "en": "Full sun to partial shade" }, "wind_protection": { "de": "Nicht zwingend erforderlich", "en": "Not strictly required" }, "microclimate_notes": { "de": "Im Sommer ist Halbschatten besser, um Schießen zu verzögern.", "en": "Partial shade is better in summer to delay bolting." } }, "soil": { "type": { "de": "Humos, locker, mittelschwer", "en": "Humus-rich, loose, medium-heavy" }, "ph_range": [ 6.5, 7.5 ], "drainage": { "de": "Gut durchlässig", "en": "Well-drained" } }, "watering": { "frequency": { "de": "Regelmäßig, Boden nie ganz austrocknen lassen", "en": "Regular, never let soil dry out completely" }, "method": { "de": "An der Basis gießen, um Blattkrankheiten zu vermeiden", "en": "Water at the base to avoid leaf diseases" } }, "nutrition": { "fertilization_strategy": { "de": "Grunddüngung mit reifem Kompost oder organischem Langzeitdünger", "en": "Basal dressing with ripe compost or organic slow-release fertilizer" }, "deficiency_symptoms": { "de": "Gelbe Blätter bei Stickstoffmangel", "en": "Yellow leaves during nitrogen deficiency" } }, "cultivation_planning": { "succession_sowing": { "possible": true, "interval_days_min": 14, "interval_days_max": 21 }, "bed_planning_notes": { "de": "Guter Lückenfüller zwischen langsamer wachsenden Kulturen.", "en": "Good gap filler between slower growing crops." }, "rotation_priority": "medium", "interplanting_potential": "high", "mechanization_relevance": "low" }, "crop_rotation": { "rotation_group": "brassicas", "years_break": 3, "preceding_crops": { "de": [ "Leguminosen", "Frühe Kartoffeln", "Salat" ], "en": [ "Legumes", "Early potatoes", "Lettuce" ] }, "succeeding_crops": { "de": [ "Starkzehrer (nächstes Jahr)", "Gründüngung", "Radieschen" ], "en": [ "Heavy feeders (next year)", "Green manure", "Radishes" ] }, "rotation_notes": { "de": "Wegen Kohlhernie mindestens 3-4 Jahre Pause zu anderen Kreuzblütlern einhalten.", "en": "Maintain a 3-4 year break from other brassicas to prevent clubroot." } }, "companion_planting": { "approach": "mixed_cropping", "good_neighbors": [ { "slug": "solanum-lycopersicum", "name": { "de": "Tomaten", "en": "Tomatoes" }, "reason": { "de": "Tomatenduft kann Kohlweißlinge abschrecken.", "en": "Tomato scent can deter cabbage white butterflies." }, "relationship_type": "beneficial" }, { "slug": "allium-cepa", "name": { "de": "Zwiebeln", "en": "Onions" }, "reason": { "de": "Hilft gegen einige Schädlinge durch Geruchsstörung.", "en": "Helps against certain pests via scent disruption." }, "relationship_type": "beneficial" } ], "bad_neighbors": [ { "slug": "brassica-oleracea", "name": { "de": "Andere Kohlarten", "en": "Other brassicas" }, "reason": { "de": "Gleiche Schädlinge und Krankheiten, hohe Nährstoffkonkurrenz.", "en": "Same pests and diseases, high nutrient competition." }, "relationship_type": "antagonistic" } ], "companion_scores": [ { "target_slug": "spinacia-oleracea", "score": 4, "reasons": [ "Similar growing requirements" ] } ], "design_rules": { "de": [ "In Reihen zwischen schneller wachsenden Kulturen säen.", "Ausreichend Abstand zu großen Kohlarten halten." ], "en": [ "Sow in rows between faster-growing crops.", "Keep sufficient distance from large cabbage varieties." ] }, "notes": { "de": "Komatsuna ist ein unkomplizierter Partner für die meisten Nicht-Kreuzblütler.", "en": "Komatsuna is an easy companion for most non-brassicas." } }, "deficiencies": { "nitrogen": { "de": "Helle, gelbliche Blätter und kümmerlicher Wuchs.", "en": "Pale, yellowish leaves and stunted growth." } }, "problems": { "bolting": { "de": "Vorzeitiges Schießen bei Hitze oder Trockenstress.", "en": "Premature bolting during heat or drought stress." } }, "problem_management": { "common_pest_groups": { "de": [ "Beißende Insekten", "Blattsauger" ], "en": [ "Biting insects", "Leaf suckers" ] }, "common_disease_groups": { "de": [ "Bodenbürtige Pilze", "Blattfleckenkrankheiten" ], "en": [ "Soil-borne fungi", "Leaf spot diseases" ] }, "prevention_principles": { "de": [ "Kulturschutznetze gegen Insekten verwenden.", "Gleichmäßig feucht halten gegen Schießen.", "Fruchtfolge strikt einhalten." ], "en": [ "Use insect netting against pests.", "Keep consistently moist to prevent bolting.", "Strictly follow crop rotation." ] }, "diagnosis_notes": { "de": "Prüfen Sie bei welkenden Blättern zuerst die Bodenfeuchtigkeit und dann die Wurzeln auf Knotenbildung.", "en": "For wilting leaves, check soil moisture first, then inspect roots for swelling." } }, "disease_graph": { "scope": "brassica_leaf_health", "profiles": [ { "slug": "flea_beetle_infestation", "severity": "medium", "conditions": { "de": [ "Trockenheit", "Warmer Boden" ], "en": [ "Drought", "Warm soil" ] }, "affected_parts": { "de": [ "Blätter" ], "en": [ "Leaves" ] }, "prevention": { "de": [ "Boden feucht halten", "Hacken" ], "en": [ "Keep soil moist", "Hoeing" ] }, "organic_control": { "de": [ "Gesteinsmehl stäuben", "Wermuttee" ], "en": [ "Dusting with rock flour", "Wormwood tea" ] } } ], "diagnostic_rules": [ { "symptom": { "de": "Viele kleine Löcher in jungen Blättern", "en": "Many small holes in young leaves" }, "possible_causes": [ "flea_beetles" ], "first_checks": { "de": [ "Auf springende Käfer achten", "Bodenfeuchte prüfen" ], "en": [ "Look for jumping beetles", "Check soil moisture" ] } } ], "prevention_strategy": { "cultural": { "de": [ "Mulchen", "Mischkultur mit Zwiebeln" ], "en": [ "Mulching", "Intercropping with onions" ] }, "monitoring": { "de": [ "Wöchentliche Blattunterseitenkontrolle" ], "en": [ "Weekly inspection of leaf undersides" ] }, "organic_first_response": { "de": [ "Absammeln von Raupen", "Stäuben mit Algenkalk" ], "en": [ "Hand-picking caterpillars", "Dusting with algae lime" ] }, "notes": { "de": "Schnelles Wachstum hilft der Pflanze, Schäden oft zu verwachsen.", "en": "Rapid growth often helps the plant outgrow damage." } } }, "diagnosis": { "common_misdiagnoses": { "de": "Schießen wird oft mit natürlichem Wachstum verwechselt; Erdflöhe mit Hagelschaden.", "en": "Bolting is often confused with natural growth; flea beetle damage with hail damage." } }, "phenology": { "stages": { "de": [ "Keimung", "Keimblattstadium", "Jugendentwicklung", "Rosettenbildung", "Blattreife", "Schossen (bei Blüte)", "Blüte", "Samenreife" ], "en": [ "Germination", "Cotyledon stage", "Seedling development", "Rosette formation", "Leaf maturity", "Bolting (at flowering)", "Flowering", "Seed maturation" ] }, "notes": { "de": "Sehr schnelle Entwicklung; vom Samen bis zur ersten Ernte vergehen oft nur 25 bis 40 Tage.", "en": "Very rapid development; often taking only 25 to 40 days from seed to first harvest." } }, "flowering_pollination": { "flowering_period": { "de": "April bis Juni (bei Überwinterung) oder bei Hitze-Stress", "en": "April to June (if overwintered) or during heat stress" }, "flower_color": { "de": "Gelb", "en": "Yellow" } }, "pollination": { "summary": { "de": "Fremdbestäubung durch Insekten, primär Bienen und Schwebfliegen.", "en": "Cross-pollination by insects, primarily bees and hoverflies." }, "pollinator_required": true, "self_fertility": "partially_self_fertile", "pollinator_notes": { "de": "Wie die meisten Brassica-Arten profitiert Komatsuna stark von der Bestäubung durch Insekten für den Samenansatz.", "en": "Like most brassicas, Komatsuna benefits significantly from insect pollination for seed set." } }, "harvest": { "harvest_period": { "de": "Mai bis November", "en": "May to November" }, "yield_estimate": { "de": "2,0 - 4,5 kg pro m²", "en": "2.0 - 4.5 kg per m²" } }, "harvest_details": { "harvest_frequency": { "de": "Mehrfache Ernte möglich (Cut-and-come-again).", "en": "Multiple harvests possible (cut-and-come-again)." }, "harvest_indicators": { "de": [ "Blattlänge ca. 10 cm für Baby-Leaf", "Blattlänge 20-30 cm für vollausgewachsene Pflanzen", "Vor dem Erscheinen von Blütenstielen" ], "en": [ "Leaf length approx. 10 cm for baby leaf", "Leaf length 20-30 cm for full-grown plants", "Before flower stalks appear" ] }, "post_harvest_handling": { "de": "Blätter sofort kühlen oder in ein feuchtes Tuch einschlagen, um Welken zu verhindern.", "en": "Cool leaves immediately or wrap in a damp cloth to prevent wilting." } }, "storage": { "storage_methods": { "de": [ "Kühlung", "Einfrieren (blanchiert)", "Einlegen" ], "en": [ "Refrigeration", "Freezing (blanched)", "Pickling" ] } }, "storage_details": { "general_storage_category": { "de": "Kurzzeitlagerung (frisch)", "en": "Short-term storage (fresh)" }, "storage_life": { "de": "2 bis 5 Tage im Kühlschrank.", "en": "2 to 5 days in the refrigerator." }, "processing_options": { "de": [ "Einfrieren", "Milchsäuregärung", "In Salz einlegen (Tsukemono)" ], "en": [ "Freezing", "Lacto-fermentation", "Salt-pickling (Tsukemono)" ] } }, "processing_use": { "culinary_suitability": { "de": [ "Pfannengerichte", "Suppen", "Salate", "Dünsten" ], "en": [ "Stir-fry", "Soups", "Salads", "Steaming" ] } }, "kitchen_usage": { "flavor_profile": { "de": "Mild, leicht süßlich mit einer dezenten Senfnote; weniger scharf als andere Senfkohlarten.", "en": "Mild, slightly sweet with a subtle mustard note; less pungent than other mustard greens." }, "preparation_tips": { "de": [ "Stiele benötigen etwas längere Garzeit als die Blätter.", "Hervorragend als Ersatz für Spinat oder Pak Choi.", "Kurzes Blanchieren erhält die kräftige grüne Farbe." ], "en": [ "Stems require slightly longer cooking time than the leaves.", "Excellent as a substitute for spinach or pak choi.", "Brief blanching preserves the vibrant green color." ] } }, "safety_and_edibility": { "edible_parts": { "de": [ "Blätter", "Blattstiele", "Blütenknospen", "Junge Blütenstiele" ], "en": [ "Leaves", "Stems", "Flower buds", "Young flower stalks" ] }, "inedible_or_caution_parts": { "de": [ "Wurzeln (nicht gebräuchlich)", "Alte, verholzte Stiele" ], "en": [ "Roots (not commonly used)", "Old, woody stems" ] }, "toxicity_notes": { "de": "Ungiftig. Wie alle Brassica-Arten enthält Komatsuna Senfölglykoside, die in normalen Mengen gesundheitsfördernd sind.", "en": "Non-toxic. Like all brassicas, it contains glucosinolates, which are health-promoting in normal quantities." }, "raw_consumption": { "de": "Sehr gut möglich, besonders junge Blätter sind zart und schmackhaft.", "en": "Very suitable, especially young leaves are tender and flavorful." } }, "seed_saving": { "difficulty": { "de": "Mittel", "en": "Medium" }, "isolation_distance_meters": 800, "seed_type": { "de": "Schoten (Schotenfrüchte)", "en": "Pods (siliques)" } }, "seed_saving_advanced": { "isolation_methods": { "de": "Abstand oder Käfige verwenden, da Kreuzungen mit anderen Brassica rapa (z.B. Pak Choi, Chinakohl, Rüben) sehr wahrscheinlich sind.", "en": "Use distance or cages, as crossing with other Brassica rapa (e.g., pak choi, Chinese cabbage, turnips) is highly likely." }, "selection_criteria": { "de": [ "Spätes Schossen", "Große Blätter", "Resistenz gegen Krankheiten", "Guter Geschmack" ], "en": [ "Slow bolting", "Large leaves", "Disease resistance", "Good flavor" ] } }, "varieties": [ { "slug": "green-boy", "name": "Green Boy", "notes": { "de": "Wüchsige Sorte mit dunkelgrünen, ovalen Blättern; sehr schossfest.", "en": "Vigorous variety with dark green, oval leaves; highly bolt-resistant." } }, { "slug": "summer-fest", "name": "Summer Fest", "notes": { "de": "Speziell für den Sommeranbau gezüchtet, verträgt Hitze besser als Standardtypen.", "en": "Specifically bred for summer cultivation, tolerates heat better than standard types." } }, { "slug": "red-komatsuna", "name": { "de": "Rote Komatsuna", "en": "Red Komatsuna" }, "notes": { "de": "Dekorative Sorte mit rötlich-violetten Blattadern und Stielen.", "en": "Decorative variety with reddish-purple leaf veins and stems." } } ], "woody_crop_details": { "notes": { "de": "Nicht zutreffend, da Komatsuna eine einjährige krautige Pflanze ist.", "en": "Not applicable, as Komatsuna is an annual herbaceous plant." } }, "pruning_logic": { "scope": "leaf_harvest_maintenance", "system": "cut_and_come_again", "remove": { "de": [ "Einzelne äußere Blätter für die fortlaufende Ernte.", "Komplette Rosette ca. 2-3 cm über dem Boden bei Einmalernte.", "Gelbe oder beschädigte Grundblätter.", "Frühzeitig erscheinende Blütenstiele (Schosser)." ], "en": [ "Individual outer leaves for continuous harvest.", "Complete rosette approx. 2-3 cm above ground for single harvest.", "Yellow or damaged basal leaves.", "Early appearing flower stalks (bolters)." ] }, "preserve": { "de": [ "Das Herz (Wachstumspunkt) der Pflanze bei der Teilernte.", "Junge, innere Blätter für weiteres Wachstum." ], "en": [ "The heart (growth point) of the plant during partial harvest.", "Young, inner leaves for continued growth." ] }, "avoid": { "de": [ "Zu tiefes Schneiden in das Herzgewebe, was das Nachwachsen verhindert.", "Ernte bei Frost, da die verletzten Gewebe matschig werden." ], "en": [ "Cutting too deep into the heart tissue, which prevents regrowth.", "Harvesting during frost, as injured tissues become mushy." ] }, "timing_rules": [ { "season": "growing_season", "months": [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ], "purpose": { "de": "Laufende Ernte und Vitalität", "en": "Ongoing harvest and vitality" }, "notes": { "de": "Regelmäßiges Pflücken fördert die Bildung neuer Blätter.", "en": "Regular picking encourages the formation of new leaves." } } ], "cut_location_rules": { "de": [ "Blattstiele direkt über der Basis abknipsen oder schneiden.", "Bei Einmalernte den gesamten Kopf knapp über der Wurzel kappen." ], "en": [ "Pinch or cut leaf stalks just above the base.", "For single harvest, cut the entire head just above the root." ] }, "intensity_rules": { "light_harvest": { "de": "Maximal 30% der Blattmasse entfernen, um schnelles Nachwachsen zu garantieren.", "en": "Remove maximum 30% of leaf mass to guarantee rapid regrowth." } }, "tool_hygiene": { "de": "Saubere Messer oder Scheren verwenden, um Fäulnis an den Schnittstellen zu vermeiden.", "en": "Use clean knives or shears to avoid rot at the cutting sites." }, "diagram_requirements": { "de": [ "Illustration der 'Cut-and-come-again' Methode.", "Darstellung der Schnitthöhe über dem Vegetationspunkt." ], "en": [ "Illustration of the 'cut-and-come-again' method.", "Representation of the cutting height above the growing point." ] }, "notes": { "de": "Da es sich um ein Blattgemüse handelt, dient der 'Schnitt' primär der Ernte.", "en": "As this is a leafy vegetable, 'pruning' primarily serves the purpose of harvesting." } }, "ecology": { "pollinator_value": "medium", "wildlife_value": "low", "biodiversity_notes": { "de": "Wenn man die Pflanzen im Frühjahr blühen lässt, bieten sie eine frühe Nahrungsquelle für Wildbienen.", "en": "If plants are allowed to flower in spring, they provide an early food source for wild bees." } }, "practical_notes": [ { "topic": "bolting_prevention", "notes": { "de": "Im Hochsommer schießt Komatsuna extrem schnell. In dieser Zeit nur im Halbschatten anbauen und reichlich gießen.", "en": "In midsummer, Komatsuna bolts extremely fast. During this time, only grow in partial shade and water abundantly." } } ], "seasonal_content": { "spring": { "de": "Säen Sie frühzeitig unter Glas oder Vlies für die erste Vitaminquelle des Jahres.", "en": "Sow early under glass or fleece for the first vitamin source of the year." }, "autumn": { "de": "Die beste Zeit für Komatsuna! Die kürzer werdenden Tage verhindern das Schießen.", "en": "The best time for Komatsuna! Shortening days prevent bolting." } }, "slug": "komatsuna", "sources": [ { "title": "Wikidata entity", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4383692", "publisher": "Wikidata", "date_accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "title": "GBIF species match", "url": "https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Brassica%20rapa%20var.%20perviridis&kingdom=Plantae", "publisher": "GBIF", "date_accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "title": "Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Komatsuna", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komatsuna", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "date_accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "title": "English Wikipedia: Komatsuna", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komatsuna", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "date_accessed": "2026-05-13" } ] }