{
  "names": {
    "common": {
      "de": "Feuerbohne",
      "en": "Runner bean"
    },
    "plural": {
      "de": "Feuerbohnen",
      "en": "Runner beans"
    },
    "botanical": "Phaseolus coccineus",
    "botanical_author": "L.",
    "scientific_synonyms": [
      "Lipusa multiflora",
      "Phaseolus multiflorus",
      "Phaseolus vulgaris var. coccineus"
    ],
    "synonyms": {
      "de": [
        "Prunkbohne",
        "Käferbohne",
        "Schminkbohne",
        "Türkische Bohne",
        "Blumenbohne",
        "Gigantes"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Scarlet runner bean",
        "Multiflora bean",
        "Seven year bean",
        "Butter bean"
      ]
    },
    "common_synonyms": {
      "de": [
        "Wollbohne",
        "Arabische Bohne"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Fancy bean"
      ]
    },
    "regional_names": {
      "de": [
        "Käferbohne (Österreich)"
      ]
    },
    "trade_names": [
      "Gigantes"
    ],
    "market_names": {
      "de": [
        "Riesenbohnen"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Giant beans"
      ]
    },
    "international_names": {
      "fr": [
        "Haricot d'Espagne"
      ],
      "es": [
        "Ayocote",
        "Judía koke"
      ],
      "it": [
        "Fagiolo di Spagna"
      ],
      "pl": [
        "Fasola wielokwiatowa"
      ]
    },
    "ambiguous_names": [
      {
        "name": "Butter bean",
        "language": "en",
        "shared_with": [
          "Phaseolus lunatus"
        ],
        "clarification": {
          "de": "Im Englischen wird 'Butter bean' meist für die Mondbohne verwendet, regional aber auch für die Feuerbohne.",
          "en": "Usually refers to Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), but used for P. coccineus in some regions."
        }
      }
    ],
    "search_terms": {
      "de": [
        "Feuerbohne",
        "Phaseolus coccineus",
        "Käferbohne"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Runner bean",
        "Scarlet runner",
        "Snap bean"
      ]
    }
  },
  "taxonomy": {
    "kingdom": "Plantae",
    "clades": [
      "Tracheophyta",
      "Angiospermae",
      "Eudicotidae",
      "Rosids",
      "Fabids"
    ],
    "order": "Fabales",
    "family_botanical": "Fabaceae",
    "family": {
      "de": "Hülsenfrüchtler",
      "en": "Legumes"
    },
    "family_id": "fabaceae",
    "subfamily": "Faboideae",
    "tribe": "Phaseoleae",
    "genus": "Phaseolus",
    "species": "Phaseolus coccineus",
    "hybrid_status": "not_hybrid",
    "related_crops": [
      "Phaseolus vulgaris",
      "Phaseolus lunatus",
      "Phaseolus dumosus"
    ]
  },
  "classification": {
    "main_group": "Vegetables",
    "sub_group": "Legumes",
    "crop_group": "Pulse crops",
    "life_cycle": "Perennial treated as annual",
    "perennial": true,
    "woody": false,
    "tree": false,
    "shrub": false,
    "edible_parts": {
      "de": [
        "Samen",
        "Hülsen (jung)",
        "Blüten",
        "Knollen"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Seeds",
        "Pods (young)",
        "Flowers",
        "Tubers"
      ]
    },
    "nutrient_group": "Heavy feeder"
  },
  "calendar": {
    "sowing_indoor": {
      "months": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "earliest_month": 4,
      "latest_month": 5,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Vorkultur in Töpfen ab Mitte April möglich, um Ernte zu verfrühen.",
        "en": "Pre-culture in pots possible from mid-April to advance harvest."
      }
    },
    "sowing_outdoor": {
      "months": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "earliest_month": 5,
      "latest_month": 6,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Direktsaat erst nach den Eisheiligen (Mitte Mai), wenn der Boden warm ist.",
        "en": "Direct sowing only after the last frost (mid-May) when soil is warm."
      }
    },
    "planting_out": {
      "months": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "earliest_month": 5,
      "latest_month": 6,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Abgehärtete Jungpflanzen ab Mitte Mai ins Freiland setzen.",
        "en": "Plant out hardened seedlings from mid-May onwards."
      }
    },
    "harvest": {
      "months": [
        7,
        8,
        9,
        10
      ],
      "earliest_month": 7,
      "latest_month": 10,
      "notes": {
        "de": "Grüne Hülsen laufend pflücken; Trockenbohnen erst bei Vollreife im Herbst.",
        "en": "Pick green pods continuously; dry beans only at full maturity in autumn."
      }
    },
    "month_tasks": {
      "4": [
        {
          "de": "Aussaat in Töpfe unter Glas",
          "en": "Sowing in pots under glass"
        }
      ],
      "5": [
        {
          "de": "Direktsaat und Rankhilfen aufstellen",
          "en": "Direct sowing and setting up supports"
        }
      ],
      "6": [
        {
          "de": "Anhäufeln und Mulchen",
          "en": "Hilling up and mulching"
        }
      ],
      "7": [
        {
          "de": "Regelmäßig gießen und erste Ernte",
          "en": "Water regularly and first harvest"
        }
      ],
      "8": [
        {
          "de": "Laufend ernten zur Förderung des Fruchtansatzes",
          "en": "Continuous harvest to encourage fruit set"
        }
      ],
      "9": [
        {
          "de": "Ernte von Trockenbohnen beginnen",
          "en": "Start harvesting dry beans"
        }
      ],
      "10": [
        {
          "de": "Letzte Ernte vor dem Frost",
          "en": "Final harvest before frost"
        }
      ],
      "11": [
        {
          "de": "Pflanzenreste kompostieren, Wurzeln im Boden lassen",
          "en": "Compost plant remains, leave roots in the soil"
        }
      ]
    },
    "month_tasks_structured": {
      "5": [
        {
          "task": "sowing",
          "label": {
            "de": "Direktsaat im Freiland",
            "en": "Direct sowing outdoors"
          },
          "priority": "high",
          "months": [
            5
          ],
          "condition": "soil_temp_min_12c",
          "estimated_effort": "low",
          "notes": {
            "de": "Bohnen in Horsten von 4-6 Samen um die Stangen legen.",
            "en": "Sow beans in clusters of 4-6 seeds around the poles."
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "book_content": {
    "main_description": {
      "de": "Die Feuerbohne ist ein Kraftpaket im Garten, das Nutzwert und Zierde perfekt vereint. Mit ihren leuchtend roten Blüten und dem rasanten Kletterwuchs ist sie nicht nur ein Blickfang, sondern liefert auch reichlich schmackhafte Hülsen und Kerne.",
      "en": "The runner bean is a garden powerhouse that perfectly combines utility and ornament. With its vibrant red flowers and rapid climbing habit, it is both a visual highlight and a provider of plentiful, tasty pods and seeds."
    },
    "history_context": {
      "de": "Ursprünglich aus den Hochlagen Mittelamerikas stammend, gelangte sie im 17. Jahrhundert nach Europa und wurde dort zunächst wegen ihrer Blütenpracht als Zierpflanze geschätzt.",
      "en": "Originating from the highlands of Central America, it reached Europe in the 17th century and was initially prized as an ornamental plant for its beautiful blossoms."
    }
  },
  "structured_month_tasks": {
    "5": [
      {
        "task": "support_setup",
        "label": {
          "de": "Rankhilfe installieren",
          "en": "Install climbing support"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          5
        ],
        "condition": "before_sowing",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Stangen oder Gitter vor der Saat stabil verankern.",
          "en": "Anchor poles or trellises firmly before sowing."
        }
      }
    ],
    "7": [
      {
        "task": "watering",
        "label": {
          "de": "Gleichmäßige Bewässerung",
          "en": "Consistent watering"
        },
        "priority": "high",
        "months": [
          7,
          8
        ],
        "condition": "flowering_stage",
        "estimated_effort": "medium",
        "notes": {
          "de": "Wassermangel während der Blüte führt zum Abfallen der Blüten.",
          "en": "Water stress during flowering causes blossoms to drop."
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "cultivation_specs": {
    "seed": {
      "seed_depth_cm_min": 3,
      "seed_depth_cm_max": 5,
      "light_germinator": false,
      "dark_germinator": true,
      "cold_germinator": false,
      "stratification_needed": false,
      "pre_soaking_recommended": true,
      "germination_temp_c_min": 12,
      "germination_temp_c_max": 25,
      "germination_days_min": 8,
      "germination_days_max": 14,
      "seed_lifespan_years_min": 3,
      "seed_lifespan_years_max": 5,
      "direct_sowing_possible": true,
      "pre_culture_recommended": false
    },
    "spacing": {
      "plant_spacing_cm_min": 40,
      "plant_spacing_cm_max": 60,
      "row_spacing_cm_min": 60,
      "row_spacing_cm_max": 100,
      "recommended_density_per_sqm_min": 4,
      "recommended_density_per_sqm_max": 8,
      "min_bed_width_cm": 80,
      "square_foot_gardening_spacing": "2-4 per square",
      "spacing_notes": {
        "de": "Bei Stangenkultur 4-6 Samen pro Stange; Reihenabstand für Belüftung wichtig.",
        "en": "Sow 4-6 seeds per pole for runner beans; row spacing is vital for airflow."
      }
    },
    "growth_dimensions": {
      "height_cm_min": 200,
      "height_cm_max": 400,
      "width_cm_min": 30,
      "width_cm_max": 50,
      "root_depth_cm_min": 40,
      "root_depth_cm_max": 60,
      "root_spread_cm_min": 20,
      "root_spread_cm_max": 40,
      "growth_speed": "very_fast",
      "final_size_notes": {
        "de": "Kletternd, benötigt stabile Rankhilfen von mindestens 2,5m Höhe.",
        "en": "Climbing habit, requires sturdy supports at least 2.5m high."
      }
    },
    "temperature": {
      "min_growing_temp_c": 10,
      "optimal_temp_c_min": 18,
      "optimal_temp_c_max": 25,
      "max_heat_tolerance_c": 30,
      "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_min": 12,
      "soil_temp_for_sowing_c_optimal": 18,
      "frost_sensitive": true,
      "late_frost_sensitive": true,
      "heat_tolerance": "medium",
      "cold_tolerance": "low",
      "temperature_notes": {
        "de": "Etwas kältetoleranter als Gartenbohnen, aber extrem frostempfindlich.",
        "en": "Slightly more cold-tolerant than common beans, but extremely frost-sensitive."
      }
    },
    "water": {
      "water_need": "high",
      "critical_water_phases": {
        "de": [
          "Blütezeit",
          "Hülsenbildung"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Flowering period",
          "Pod formation"
        ]
      },
      "drought_tolerant": false,
      "drought_sensitivity": "high",
      "waterlogging_sensitive": true,
      "mulching_recommended": true,
      "water_notes": {
        "de": "Boden gleichmäßig feucht halten; Staunässe unbedingt vermeiden.",
        "en": "Keep soil consistently moist; avoid waterlogging at all costs."
      }
    },
    "nutrition": {
      "nutrient_group": "nitrogen_fixer",
      "heavy_feeder": true,
      "medium_feeder": false,
      "light_feeder": false,
      "nitrogen_need": "medium",
      "phosphorus_need": "medium",
      "potassium_need": "high",
      "calcium_need": "medium",
      "magnesium_need": "low",
      "compost_recommended": true,
      "mulching_recommended": true,
      "fertilizer_sensitivity": "low",
      "nutrition_notes": {
        "de": "Obwohl Stickstofffixierer, gilt sie wegen der großen Biomasse als Starkzehrer.",
        "en": "Despite being a nitrogen fixer, it is considered a heavy feeder due to large biomass."
      }
    },
    "container": {
      "container_suitable": true,
      "min_pot_volume_l": 20,
      "recommended_pot_volume_l": 40,
      "min_pot_depth_cm": 30,
      "min_pot_diameter_cm": 35,
      "plants_per_container_min": 2,
      "plants_per_container_max": 4,
      "drainage_required": true,
      "repotting_needed": false,
      "container_notes": {
        "de": "Große Kübel und Rankgerüste erforderlich; auf hohe Wasserverdunstung achten.",
        "en": "Large pots and climbing structures required; watch for high water evaporation."
      }
    },
    "support": {
      "needs_support": true,
      "support_recommended": true,
      "climbing": true,
      "vining": true,
      "trellis_recommended": true,
      "support_types": [
        "stake",
        "trellis",
        "string",
        "arch",
        "netting"
      ],
      "support_height_cm_min": 250,
      "support_height_cm_max": 400,
      "training_required": true,
      "support_notes": {
        "de": "Linkswindend; Jungpflanzen anfangs eventuell an die Kletterhilfe leiten.",
        "en": "Twining counter-clockwise; young plants may need initial guidance to the support."
      }
    },
    "cultivation_modes": {
      "outdoor_bed_suitable": true,
      "raised_bed_suitable": true,
      "container_suitable": true,
      "balcony_suitable": true,
      "greenhouse_suitable": false,
      "polytunnel_suitable": false,
      "indoor_suitable": false,
      "windowsill_suitable": false,
      "hydroponic_possible": false,
      "permaculture_suitable": true,
      "no_dig_suitable": true
    },
    "yield_density": {
      "yield_per_plant_min": 0.5,
      "yield_per_plant_max": 1.5,
      "yield_unit": "kg",
      "yield_per_sqm_min": 2,
      "yield_per_sqm_max": 4,
      "yield_reliability": "high",
      "yield_notes": {
        "de": "Ertrag steigt durch regelmäßiges Abernten der jungen Hülsen.",
        "en": "Yield increases with regular harvesting of young pods."
      }
    }
  },
  "site": {
    "exposure": {
      "de": "Sonnig bis halbschattig, windgeschützt",
      "en": "Sunny to partial shade, sheltered from wind"
    },
    "microclimate_suitability": {
      "de": "Verträgt kühlere Lagen besser als die Gartenbohne.",
      "en": "Tolerates cooler locations better than the common bean."
    }
  },
  "soil": {
    "soil_type": {
      "de": "Humusreich, tiefgründig, mittelschwer",
      "en": "Humus-rich, deep, medium-heavy"
    },
    "ph_range": {
      "min": 6.0,
      "max": 7.5
    },
    "soil_notes": {
      "de": "Kalkliebend; kalte, staunasse Böden vermeiden.",
      "en": "Lime-loving; avoid cold, waterlogged soils."
    }
  },
  "watering": {
    "strategy": {
      "de": "Regelmäßig gießen, besonders während der Blüte und bei Hitze.",
      "en": "Water regularly, especially during flowering and heatwaves."
    },
    "drought_response": {
      "de": "Blütenabwurf und zähe Hülsen bei Trockenheit.",
      "en": "Blossom drop and tough pods during drought."
    }
  },
  "nutrition": {
    "fertilization_strategy": {
      "de": "Grunddüngung mit Kompost vor der Saat; ggf. Kalium-betonte Nachdüngung.",
      "en": "Base fertilization with compost before sowing; optional potassium-rich top dressing."
    },
    "nitrogen_fixation_role": {
      "de": "Fixiert Luftstickstoff; Wurzelstöcke nach der Ernte im Boden lassen.",
      "en": "Fixes atmospheric nitrogen; leave root stocks in the soil after harvest."
    }
  },
  "cultivation_planning": {
    "succession_sowing": {
      "possible": true,
      "interval_days_min": 14,
      "interval_days_max": 21
    },
    "bed_planning_notes": {
      "de": "Gute Nachbarn: Mais, Kopfkohl, Gurken. Schlechte Nachbarn: Zwiebeln, Knoblauch.",
      "en": "Good neighbors: Corn, cabbage, cucumbers. Bad neighbors: Onions, garlic."
    },
    "rotation_priority": "high",
    "interplanting_potential": "high",
    "mechanization_relevance": "low"
  },
  "crop_rotation": {
    "rotation_break_years": 3,
    "preceding_crops": {
      "de": [
        "Starkzehrer",
        "Kohl",
        "Tomaten",
        "Kartoffeln"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Heavy feeders",
        "Brassicas",
        "Tomatoes",
        "Potatoes"
      ]
    },
    "succeeding_crops": {
      "de": [
        "Schwachzehrer",
        "Salat",
        "Spinat",
        "Erdbeeren"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Light feeders",
        "Lettuce",
        "Spinach",
        "Strawberries"
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Feuerbohnen reichern den Boden mit Stickstoff an; Wurzeln zur Gründüngung im Boden belassen.",
      "en": "Runner beans enrich soil with nitrogen; leave roots in the ground as green manure."
    }
  },
  "companion_planting": {
    "approach": "mixed_cropping",
    "good_neighbors": [
      {
        "slug": "mais",
        "name": {
          "de": "Mais",
          "en": "Corn"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Dient als natürliche Rankhilfe; nutzt den Stickstoff der Bohne.",
          "en": "Serves as a natural support; benefits from the bean's nitrogen."
        },
        "relationship_type": "symbiotic"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gurke",
        "name": {
          "de": "Gurke",
          "en": "Cucumber"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Ähnliche Feuchtigkeitsansprüche.",
          "en": "Similar moisture requirements."
        },
        "relationship_type": "beneficial"
      }
    ],
    "bad_neighbors": [
      {
        "slug": "allium",
        "name": {
          "de": "Zwiebeln & Knoblauch",
          "en": "Onions & Garlic"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Wachstumshemmung durch Wurzelausscheidungen.",
          "en": "Growth inhibition due to root exudates."
        },
        "relationship_type": "antagonistic"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lauch",
        "name": {
          "de": "Lauch",
          "en": "Leek"
        },
        "reason": {
          "de": "Verträgt sich schlecht mit Hülsenfrüchtlern.",
          "en": "Does not pair well with legumes."
        },
        "relationship_type": "antagonistic"
      }
    ],
    "companion_scores": [
      {
        "target_slug": "zea-mays",
        "score": 5,
        "reasons": [
          "structural_support",
          "nutrient_sharing"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "design_rules": {
      "de": [
        "Nicht neben Lauchgewächse pflanzen.",
        "Drei-Schwestern-System mit Mais und Kürbis möglich."
      ],
      "en": [
        "Do not plant next to Alliums.",
        "Three Sisters system with corn and squash is possible."
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Gute Belüftung in Mischkultur wichtig, um Pilzbefall vorzubeugen.",
      "en": "Good ventilation in mixed cropping is vital to prevent fungal diseases."
    }
  },
  "deficiencies": [
    {
      "slug": "nitrogen_deficiency",
      "name": {
        "de": "Stickstoffmangel",
        "en": "Nitrogen deficiency"
      },
      "symptoms": {
        "de": [
          "Gelbfärbung der älteren Blätter",
          "Kümmerwuchs"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Yellowing of older leaves",
          "Stunted growth"
        ]
      },
      "remedy": {
        "de": [
          "Brennnesseljauche",
          "Organischer Dünger"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Nettle tea",
          "Organic fertilizer"
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "problems": [
    {
      "slug": "blossom_drop",
      "name": {
        "de": "Blütenabwurf",
        "en": "Blossom drop"
      },
      "cause": {
        "de": "Trockenheit oder zu hohe Temperaturen (>30°C)",
        "en": "Drought or temperatures too high (>30°C)"
      },
      "solution": {
        "de": "Regelmäßig gießen, Boden mulchen",
        "en": "Water regularly, mulch the soil"
      }
    }
  ],
  "problem_management": {
    "common_pest_groups": {
      "de": [
        "Läuse",
        "Milben",
        "Schnecken"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Aphids",
        "Mites",
        "Slugs"
      ]
    },
    "common_disease_groups": {
      "de": [
        "Pilzerkrankungen",
        "Viren"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Fungal diseases",
        "Viruses"
      ]
    },
    "prevention_principles": {
      "de": [
        "Ausreichend Pflanzabstand für Luftzirkulation",
        "Nur gesundes Saatgut verwenden",
        "Boden locker und unkrautfrei halten"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Sufficient spacing for air circulation",
        "Use only healthy seeds",
        "Keep soil loose and weed-free"
      ]
    },
    "diagnosis_notes": {
      "de": "Häufigste Ursache für Ernteausfall bei Feuerbohnen ist Wassermangel während der Blüte.",
      "en": "Most common cause of crop failure in runner beans is water stress during flowering."
    }
  },
  "disease_graph": {
    "scope": "Phaseolus coccineus",
    "profiles": [
      {
        "slug": "botrytis-cinerea",
        "severity": "medium",
        "conditions": {
          "de": [
            "Hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit",
            "Kühle Witterung"
          ],
          "en": [
            "High humidity",
            "Cool weather"
          ]
        },
        "affected_parts": {
          "de": [
            "Blüten",
            "Hülsen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "Flowers",
            "Pods"
          ]
        },
        "prevention": {
          "de": [
            "Luftigen Standort wählen",
            "Nicht über die Blätter gießen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "Choose an airy location",
            "Do not water foliage"
          ]
        },
        "organic_control": {
          "de": [
            "Befallene Teile entfernen",
            "Schachtelhalmextrakt"
          ],
          "en": [
            "Remove affected parts",
            "Horsetail extract"
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "diagnostic_rules": [
      {
        "symptom": {
          "de": "Gelbe Blätter mit grünen Adern",
          "en": "Yellow leaves with green veins"
        },
        "possible_causes": [
          "manganese_deficiency",
          "magnesium_deficiency"
        ],
        "first_checks": {
          "de": [
            "pH-Wert des Bodens prüfen"
          ],
          "en": [
            "Check soil pH"
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "prevention_strategy": {
      "cultural": {
        "de": [
          "Anhäufeln zur Stabilisierung",
          "Regelmäßiges Pflücken"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Hilling up for stability",
          "Regular picking"
        ]
      },
      "monitoring": {
        "de": [
          "Wöchentliche Kontrolle auf Blattlauskolonien"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Weekly check for aphid colonies"
        ]
      },
      "organic_first_response": {
        "de": [
          "Schmierseifenlösung bei Erstbefall mit Läusen"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Potassium soap solution for initial aphid infestation"
        ]
      },
      "notes": {
        "de": "Feuerbohnen sind robuster gegen kühles Wetter als Buschbohnen.",
        "en": "Runner beans are hardier against cool weather than bush beans."
      }
    }
  },
  "diagnosis": {
    "typical_issues": {
      "de": [
        "Bohnenrost",
        "Mosaikvirus",
        "Bohnenfliege"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Bean rust",
        "Mosaic virus",
        "Bean seed fly"
      ]
    }
  },
  "phenology": {
    "stages": {
      "de": [
        "Keimung (epigäisch)",
        "Primärblattbildung",
        "Längenwachstum und Rankbildung",
        "Blütenknospenbildung",
        "Hauptblüte",
        "Hülsenansatz",
        "Samenreife",
        "Seneszenz (bei Frost)"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Germination (epigeal)",
        "Primary leaf formation",
        "Vining and climbing stage",
        "Flower bud formation",
        "Main flowering",
        "Pod set",
        "Seed maturation",
        "Senescence (at frost)"
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Schnellwüchsige Kletterpflanze; die Keimblätter bleiben im Gegensatz zur Gartenbohne meist im Boden (hypogäische Keimung bei P. coccineus ist eine botanische Ausnahme in der Gattung, oft aber als epigäisch missverstanden).",
      "en": "Fast-growing climber; unlike common beans, runner beans exhibit hypogeal germination where cotyledons remain below ground."
    }
  },
  "flowering_pollination": {
    "flowering_period": {
      "de": "Juni bis September",
      "en": "June to September"
    },
    "flower_color": {
      "de": "Scharlachrot, seltener weiß oder zweifarbig",
      "en": "Scarlet red, occasionally white or bicolor"
    },
    "inflorescence_type": {
      "de": "Traube",
      "en": "Raceme"
    }
  },
  "pollination": {
    "summary": {
      "de": "Überwiegend Fremdbestäubung durch Insekten, insbesondere Hummeln und Bienen.",
      "en": "Predominantly cross-pollinated by insects, especially bumblebees and bees."
    },
    "pollinator_required": true,
    "self_fertility": "partial",
    "pollinator_notes": {
      "de": "Hummeln 'brechen' oft die Blüten auf, um an Nektar zu gelangen. Hohe Temperaturen über 30°C können die Bestäubung behindern.",
      "en": "Bumblebees often 'rob' nectar by piercing the flower base. High temperatures above 30°C can inhibit successful pollination."
    }
  },
  "harvest": {
    "harvest_period": {
      "de": "Juli bis Oktober",
      "en": "July to October"
    },
    "yield_estimate": {
      "de": "0,5 bis 1,5 kg pro Pflanze",
      "en": "0.5 to 1.5 kg per plant"
    }
  },
  "harvest_details": {
    "harvest_frequency": {
      "de": "Alle 2-3 Tage für junge Hülsen; einmalig für Trockenbohnen im Herbst.",
      "en": "Every 2-3 days for young pods; once for dry beans in autumn."
    },
    "harvest_indicators": {
      "de": [
        "Hülsen sind knackig und brechen glatt (Grünverzehr)",
        "Hülsen sind braun, trocken und pergamentartig (Trockenbohnen)",
        "Samen lassen sich mit dem Fingernagel nicht mehr eindrücken"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Pods are crisp and snap cleanly (green consumption)",
        "Pods are brown, dry, and parchment-like (dry beans)",
        "Seeds cannot be indented with a fingernail"
      ]
    },
    "post_harvest_handling": {
      "de": "Frische Hülsen schnell verarbeiten; Trockenbohnen nachreinigen und kühl nachlagern.",
      "en": "Process fresh pods quickly; clean dry beans and store in a cool place."
    }
  },
  "storage": {
    "fresh_storage": {
      "de": "Im Kühlschrank ca. 2-4 Tage",
      "en": "In the refrigerator approx. 2-4 days"
    },
    "long_term_storage": {
      "de": "Trocknen, Einfrieren (nach Blanchieren) oder Einmachen",
      "en": "Drying, freezing (after blanching), or canning"
    }
  },
  "storage_details": {
    "general_storage_category": {
      "de": "Hülsenfrucht (frisch oder getrocknet)",
      "en": "Legume (fresh or dried)"
    },
    "storage_life": {
      "de": "Getrocknet 1-2 Jahre; eingefroren ca. 12 Monate.",
      "en": "Dried 1-2 years; frozen approx. 12 months."
    },
    "processing_options": {
      "de": [
        "Trocknen",
        "Einfrieren",
        "Einwecken",
        "Milchsauer vergären"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Drying",
        "Freezing",
        "Canning",
        "Lacto-fermentation"
      ]
    }
  },
  "processing_use": {
    "primary_use": {
      "de": "Speisebohne (Gemüse oder Körnerfrucht)",
      "en": "Edible bean (vegetable or pulse)"
    },
    "industrial_relevance": {
      "de": "Gering, hauptsächlich Hausgarten und Direktvermarktung.",
      "en": "Low, mainly home gardens and direct marketing."
    }
  },
  "kitchen_usage": {
    "preparation_methods": {
      "de": [
        "Kochen",
        "Dünsten",
        "Schmoren"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Boiling",
        "Steaming",
        "Stewing"
      ]
    },
    "culinary_characteristics": {
      "de": "Große, fleischige Samen mit nussigem Aroma; junge Hülsen sind etwas grober als Gartenbohnen.",
      "en": "Large, meaty seeds with a nutty flavor; young pods are slightly coarser than common beans."
    }
  },
  "safety_and_edibility": {
    "edible_parts": {
      "de": [
        "Hülsen (jung)",
        "Samen (reif und unreif)",
        "Blüten",
        "Wurzelknollen (gekocht)"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Pods (young)",
        "Seeds (mature and immature)",
        "Flowers",
        "Root tubers (cooked)"
      ]
    },
    "inedible_or_caution_parts": {
      "de": [
        "Rohe Samen und Hülsen (Phasin-Gehalt)"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Raw seeds and pods (phytohaemagglutinin content)"
      ]
    },
    "toxicity_notes": {
      "de": "Enthält im rohen Zustand das Gift Phasin, das erst durch Erhitzen (mind. 10 Minuten kochen) zerstört wird.",
      "en": "Contains the toxin phytohaemagglutinin (lectin) when raw, which is destroyed by boiling for at least 10 minutes."
    },
    "raw_consumption": {
      "de": "Nicht für den Rohverzehr geeignet (giftig).",
      "en": "Not suitable for raw consumption (toxic)."
    }
  },
  "seed_saving": {
    "difficulty": {
      "de": "Einfach bis mittel",
      "en": "Easy to medium"
    },
    "isolation_distance": {
      "de": "500 - 1000 Meter (wegen Fremdbestäubung)",
      "en": "500 - 1000 meters (due to cross-pollination)"
    }
  },
  "seed_saving_advanced": {
    "minimum_population": 20,
    "selection_criteria": {
      "de": [
        "Wüchsigkeit",
        "Blühfreudigkeit",
        "Hülsenform",
        "Kältetoleranz"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Vigor",
        "Profusion of flowers",
        "Pod shape",
        "Cold tolerance"
      ]
    },
    "crossing_risk": {
      "de": "Verkreuzt sich leicht mit anderen Feuerbohnensorten, aber nicht mit Gartenbohnen (P. vulgaris).",
      "en": "Crosses easily with other runner bean varieties, but not with common beans (P. vulgaris)."
    }
  },
  "varieties": [
    {
      "slug": "preisgewinner",
      "name": {
        "de": "Preisgewinner",
        "en": "Enorma"
      },
      "description": {
        "de": "Bewährte Sorte mit sehr langen, grünen Hülsen und leuchtend roten Blüten.",
        "en": "Reliable variety with very long green pods and vibrant red flowers."
      },
      "features": {
        "de": [
          "Hoher Ertrag",
          "Kälteresistent"
        ],
        "en": [
          "High yield",
          "Cold tolerant"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "hestia",
      "name": {
        "de": "Hestia",
        "en": "Hestia"
      },
      "description": {
        "de": "Zwerg-Feuerbohne, ideal für Kübel und Balkonkästen; zweifarbige Blüten.",
        "en": "Dwarf runner bean, ideal for containers and window boxes; bicolor flowers."
      },
      "features": {
        "de": [
          "Kompakter Wuchs",
          "Frühreifend"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Compact growth",
          "Early maturing"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "weiss-bluhende",
      "name": {
        "de": "Weißblühende",
        "en": "White Emergo"
      },
      "description": {
        "de": "Weißblühende Sorte mit großen, weißen Samen; oft als 'Gigantes' vermarktet.",
        "en": "White-flowering variety with large white seeds; often marketed as 'Gigantes'."
      },
      "features": {
        "de": [
          "Große Samen",
          "Hitzeunempfindlicher"
        ],
        "en": [
          "Large seeds",
          "Better heat tolerance"
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "woody_crop_details": {
    "training_systems_to_research": [
      "Wigwam system",
      "Double row A-frame",
      "Single pole cluster"
    ],
    "renewal_pruning_relevance": "not_applicable",
    "notes": {
      "de": "Obwohl botanisch ausdauernd, wird die Feuerbohne in Mitteleuropa meist einjährig kultiviert. Ein Rückschnitt ist primär zur Ernteförderung relevant.",
      "en": "Although botanically perennial, runner beans are usually grown as annuals in Central Europe. Pruning is primarily relevant to encourage harvest."
    }
  },
  "pruning_logic": {
    "scope": "seasonal_growth_management",
    "system": "climbing_support_optimization",
    "remove": {
      "de": [
        "Welke Blätter an der Basis zur besseren Belüftung",
        "Überzählige Seitentriebe bei Platzmangel",
        "Samentragende Hülsen (um Neublüte zu fördern)"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Wilted leaves at the base for better airflow",
        "Excess side shoots if space is limited",
        "Seed-bearing pods (to encourage new flowering)"
      ]
    },
    "preserve": {
      "de": [
        "Haupttrieb bis zum Erreichen der Stangenspitze",
        "Blütenansätze in den Blattachseln"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Main lead until it reaches the top of the pole",
        "Flower clusters in the leaf axils"
      ]
    },
    "avoid": {
      "de": [
        "Kappen des Haupttriebs vor Erreichen der Zielhöhe",
        "Schnitt bei nassem Wetter (Infektionsgefahr)"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Topping the main leader before it reaches target height",
        "Pruning during wet weather (infection risk)"
      ]
    },
    "timing_rules": [
      {
        "season": "summer",
        "months": [
          7,
          8
        ],
        "purpose": {
          "de": "Wuchsbegrenzung",
          "en": "Growth control"
        },
        "notes": {
          "de": "Spitzen kappen, sobald sie das obere Ende der Rankhilfe erreichen, um Energie in die Hülsen zu leiten.",
          "en": "Pinch out tips once they reach the top of the support to direct energy into the pods."
        }
      }
    ],
    "cut_location_rules": {
      "de": [
        "Triebspitzen direkt über einem Blattknoten einkürzen",
        "Hülsen vorsichtig abknipsen, ohne den Stängel zu verletzen"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Shorten shoot tips just above a leaf node",
        "Snap off pods carefully without damaging the stem"
      ]
    },
    "intensity_rules": {
      "light": "Standard picking of pods and removing lower yellow leaves.",
      "moderate": "Topping the plants at the end of summer."
    },
    "tool_hygiene": {
      "de": "Saubere Hände oder scharfe Scheren verwenden, um die Ausbreitung von Viren zu verhindern.",
      "en": "Use clean hands or sharp shears to prevent the spread of viruses."
    },
    "diagram_requirements": {
      "de": [
        "Darstellung der Windungsrichtung",
        "Markierung des Kappungspunktes an der Stangenspitze"
      ],
      "en": [
        "Illustration of the twining direction",
        "Marking of the pinching point at the top of the pole"
      ]
    },
    "notes": {
      "de": "Die Feuerbohne ist ein Linkswinder; beim Anleiten muss dies beachtet werden, da sie sich sonst wieder abwickelt.",
      "en": "Runner beans twine counter-clockwise; this must be observed when guiding them, otherwise they will unwind."
    }
  },
  "pruning_training": {
    "training_methods": [
      {
        "name": {
          "de": "Stangenklimmen",
          "en": "Pole climbing"
        },
        "description": {
          "de": "Pflanzen werden an 2,5m bis 4m hohen Stangen im Uhrzeigersinn (botanisch linkswindend) geführt.",
          "en": "Plants are guided up 2.5m to 4m poles in a counter-clockwise (botanically twining) direction."
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "ecology": {
    "pollinator_value": "high",
    "wildlife_value": "medium",
    "biodiversity_notes": {
      "de": "Wichtige Nektarquelle für Hummeln und langrüsselige Bienen; dient als Nahrungshabitat für diverse Insekten.",
      "en": "Important nectar source for bumblebees and long-tongued bees; serves as a foraging habitat for various insects."
    }
  },
  "practical_notes": [
    {
      "title": {
        "de": "Wassersparen durch Mulchen",
        "en": "Water conservation through mulching"
      },
      "content": {
        "de": "Da Feuerbohnen viel Wasser benötigen, hilft eine dicke Mulchschicht, die Bodenfeuchtigkeit zu halten.",
        "en": "Since runner beans require lots of water, a thick layer of mulch helps retain soil moisture."
      }
    }
  ],
  "seasonal_content": {
    "spring": {
      "de": "Zeit für die Bodenvorbereitung und die Installation der Rankhilfen.",
      "en": "Time for soil preparation and installing climbing supports."
    }
  },
  "slug": "feuerbohne",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Wikidata entity",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159753",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "GBIF species match",
      "url": "https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Phaseolus%20coccineus&kingdom=Plantae",
      "publisher": "GBIF",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "Deutschsprachige Wikipedia: Feuerbohne",
      "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feuerbohne",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-13"
    },
    {
      "title": "English Wikipedia: Phaseolus coccineus",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_coccineus",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "date_accessed": "2026-05-13"
    }
  ]
}